French revolution

French Revolution (1789–1799) was a period of radical social and political upheaval in French and European history

Old Régime refers primarily to the aristocratic system that characterized French society and politics established in France.

Estates-General were a legislative assembly of the different classes or estates of French subjects.

Louis XVI ruled as King of France and Navarrefrom 1774 until 1791, and then as King of the French from 1791 to 1792. Suspended and arrested during the Insurrection of 10 August 1792, he was tried by the National Convention, found guilty of high treason, and executed by guillotine on 21 January 1793. He was the only king of France ever to be executed.

Marie Antoinette Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna; was an Archduchess of Austria and the Queenof France and of Navarre. She was the fifteenth and penultimate child of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria and Emperor Francis I.

Sans-culottes was a term created 1790 - 1792 by the French to describe the poorer members of the Third Estate, according to the dominant theory because they usually wore pantaloons instead of the fashionable knee-length culotte.

A Jacobin was a member of theJacobin Club . The Jacobin Club was the most famous political club of the French Revolution.

The guillotine was a device used for carrying out executions by decapitation.

Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre is one of the best-known and most influential figures of the French Revolution. He largely dominated the Committee of Public Safety and was instrumental in the period of theRevolution commonly known as the Reign of Terror, which ended with his arrest and execution in 1794.

The Reign of Terror was a period of violence that occurred for one year and one month after the onset of the French Revolution, incited by conflict between rival political factions, the Girondins and the Jacobins, and marked by mass executions of "enemies of the revolution."

Napoleon Bonaparte wasa military and political leader of France and Emperor of the French as Napoleon I, whose actions shaped European politics in the early 19th century.

coup d'état is the sudden unconstitutional deposition of a government, usually by a small group of the existing state establishment—typically the military—to replace the deposed government with another body; either civil or military.

lycéesprovide a three-year course of further secondary education for children between the ages of 15 and 18. Pupils are prepared for the baccalauréat . The baccalauréat can lead to higher education studies or directly to professional life.

Napoleonic Code is the French civil code, established under Napoléon I in 1804. The code forbade privileges based on birth, allowed freedom of religion, andspecified that government jobs go to the most qualified.

The Battle of Trafalgar (21 October 1805) was a sea battle fought between the British Royal Navy and the combined fleets of the French Navy and Spanish Navy, during the War of the Third Coalition of the Napoleonic Wars . The battle was the most decisive British naval victory of the war.

The Continental System was the foreign policy of NapoleonI of France in his struggle against the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland during the Napoleonic Wars.

Guerrilla warfare describes a conflict between armed civilians and a regular army, either foreign or domestic, where the armed civilians (the "irregulars") use tactics such as ambush, sabotage, the element of surprise, and extraordinary mobility to strike a vulnerable target andwithdraw almost immediately.

The Peninsular War was a contest between France and the allied powers of Spain, the United Kingdom, and Portugal for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars.

A scorched earth policy is a military strategy or operational method which involves destroying anything that might be useful to the enemy while advancing through or withdrawing from an...