Gerunds-and-infinitives

Gerunds and Infinitives


|Verb + Gerund |

|Verb |Example Gerund | | |

|BE USED TO |studying a lot |ESTAR ACOSTUMBRADO A estudiarmucho |
|GET USED TO |driving trucks |ACOSTUMBRARSE A conducir camiones |
|LOOK FORWARD TO |watching the news |TENER GANAS DE ver el noticiero |
|OBJECT TO |paying extra |OPONERSE A pagar adicionales|












-ING FORM AND (TO) INFINITIVE
-ING FORM

_ VERB + -ING. Si los verbos de este recuadro van seguidos de otro verbo
(en español normalmente un infinitivo) en inglés deberá tomar la forma –ING

Avoid enjoy fancy feel like can’t stand
look forward to finish give up can’t help imagine consider object to miss practisemind deny resist

- I’ll do the shopping when I’ve finished cleaning the flat.
- I don’t fancy going out this evening.
- I can’t imagine George riding a motor-bike.
- When I’m on holiday, I enjoy not having to get up early.
- Would you mind closing the door?

Go –ing (actividades físicas)
go shopping go swimming go skiing go fishing go riding etc.

_ PREPOSITION + -ING. Detrás decualquier preposición deberemos usar
una forma –ING.

Are you interested in working for us?
I’m not very good at learning languages.
I’m fed up with studying
The children are excited about going on holiday.
What are the advantages of having a car?
John went to work in spite of feeling ill.
I bought a new bicycle instead of going on holiday
What did you do after leaving school?

_SUBJECT, OBJECT OR COMPLEMENT OF A SENTENCE. La forma -ing a veces funciona como sujeto, objeto o complemento de una oración.

- Smoking is a terrible habit.
- Playing tennis in England is not expensive.
- I hate writing letters









TO INFINITIVE

_ VERB + TO INFINITIVE. Si los verbos de este recuadro van seguidos
de otro verbo (en español normalmente un infinitivo) en inglés deberátomar la forma TO INFINITIVE.

Afford agree appear arrange ask attempt
learn choose decide expect fail help
hope intend Manage mean offer plan
prepare pretend promise propose refuse seem
want wish

- I can’t afford to go on holiday this summer.
- As it was late, we decided to take a taxi.
- How old were you when you learnt to drive (how to drive)?
- Hepretended not to see me as he passed me in the street.
- You seem to have lost weight.

_ VERB + OBJECT + TO INFINITIVE. Después de estos verbos, normalmente se
usa un objeto antes del infinitivo

Allow advise ask invite order permit
Persuade force recommend remind teach tell
Want wish
- He asked me to help him.
- I don’t want you to go.
- We invited Sue to have dinner withus.

_ VERB + QUESTION WORD+ TO INFINITIVE. Se puede usar una partícula
interrogativa después de ciertos verbos seguido de to infinitive (except why).

- I don’t know what to say.
- Do you know how to play chess?
- Somebody told me where to buy a ticket.

_ NOUN / PRONOUN / ADJECTIVE + TO INFINITIVE. Usamos to infinitive
después de nombres, pronombre y adjetivos.

- I’ve got someletters to write.
- Would you like something to read?
- I’m very pleased to see you.
- It isn’t easy to learn a foreign language.



INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO

_ MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS + INFINITIVE. Se usa infinitive without to después de verbos modales:
will shall would should can could
may might must

- I must go now
- Can you help me?

Also the expressions: would rather,...