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The Enlightenment was a European cultural movement, especially in France and England. This movement was elaborated from the bourgeoisie against the absolutism and nobility. In this period of time,reason was the most important factor in humanity. The search for reason is why the enlightenment made a total change in humanity. The critics against religious morals and ideals cause the religiousinstitutions to cease to have power on humans. The enlightenment (through reason), formed a new philosophical position called deism, which accepted the existence of a god, however, he or she doesn’t’involve and interact with humans, and, he doesn’t contain an unlimited power as religions described. Most of the philosophers in the Enlightenment were deists and were against absolutism. Rousseau wasone philosopher, he agreed in freedom of humanity, and that humans are equal to each other. Rousseau’s ideal were the most reasonable, and can achieve humanity to the freedom it wants.
Rousseaubelieved that everybody born good, however, society corrupts the real goodness of people. He also believed that people born free, but they grow to become slaves. As he said in his book The Social Contract:“Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains”, this means that people when born they’re totally free; however, every movement or contribution in society put themselves as “slaves”.
Rousseaubelieved in direct democracy, where everybody has the same votes, and they can choose their leader and laws. Government is something crucial for the existence of society, the wish of no power will bringchaos or anarchy, direct democracy proposes a government where each person haves rights. In his book The Social Contract he said: “Any law which does not ratify it, is denied and it’s not a law”, thissupports the idea that everyone must have a vote. Direct democracy is the only way where humans can achieve freedom and equal rights.
Absolute monarchy is a government which is proved by facts...