Glosas

TIEMPO

ESTRUCTURA

USO

EJEMPLOS

Afirmativa: Subject + present conjugation of verb I play tennis on Mondays. PRESENTE SIMPLE Negativa Subject + DO not + base form of verb They don't work in New York. Pregunta (Wh?)+do+subject+base form of verb ? Does she know him? Afirmativa: Subject + verb ‘be’ (AM / IS / ARE) in present + verb –ing He's working at the moment. Negativa Subj.+ V. ‘be’in present+ not+ V–ing They aren't coming this evening. Pregunta (Wh?) verb ‘be’ in present+subj. verb–ing? What are you doing?

• Acciones habituales • Opiniones y estados de mente • Situaciones permanentes o de larga duración. • Hechos y verdades generales • Sentimientos • Horarios y programas • Expresiones de tiempo presentes comunes: usually, always, often, sometimes, on Saturdays, atweekends, rarely, on occasion, never, seldom.

• I usually get up at 7 o'clock. • I think he is a wonderful student. • She lives in New York. • The Earth goes around the Sun. • I love walking around late at night. • The plane leaves at 4 p.m. • She doesn't often go to the cinema.

PRESENTE CONTINUO

• Acción que ocurre en el momento presente • Actions happening in a period around the present momentin time • Planes futuros inmediatos, acuerdos • Acciones monótonas y molestas. • Expresiones de tiempo presente continuo comunes como: at the moment, now, today, this week, this month, tomorrow, next week (for future arrangements), currently…

• What are you doing? • She's studying hard for her final exam • She isn't coming on Friday. • You are always laughing at me! • I am working until 21hthis week.

Afirmativa S+V in past (regular, ; irregular, 2nd column): She went to Paris last week. Negativa PASADO SIMPLE Subject + DID not + root of the verb. They didn't drive to work. Pregunta (Wh_) did + subject + root of the verb? Where did she get that hat?

• I went to Paris last year • Acciones acabadas que ocurren en un momento definido en el pasado. • He stopped drinking alcohol 3years ago. • Con la palabra ‘ago’ • Para expresar acciones cortas y consecutivas • I fell down and someone helped me. • Cuando hay dos acciones simultáneas, una de ellas suele ser más corta (simple) e interrumpe a • The light went out (short action) while la acción más larga (continuo). we were having dinner (long action)

Afirm.: S+V ‘be’ in past (WAS/WERE) + verb-ing. ‘I was watching TV’ PASADOCONTINUO Negativa: S+V ‘be’ in past + not + verbing: He wasn't working Pregunta:(Wh?) + V+ ‘be’ in past +S +Ving?: What were you doing?

• Acciones en progreso (en realización) en un • At midnight we were driving home. momento pasado. • Acciones largas e inacabadas • Queja y monotonía en el pasado. • Yesterday I was studying very hard all day. • He was always telling boring jokes • ‘I have beenhere for two hours’ • They have sold more than a million snowboards since 1991. • The postman hasn’t come yet. • I have not seen you for a week. • I have just got home. • I have been waiting for the bus for a long time.

PRESENTE PERFECTO SIMPLE

Afirm.: S+have/has+V_participle I have seen Mick three times this week . Negat.: S+have/has+not+V-participle She has not been to New York. Preg:(Wh?)Have/has+S+V-participle? How long have you worked at Smith's? Afirmativa: S+have/has+been+V-ing I’ve been living in Melilla for 30 years

• Para expresar una acción que comenzó en el pasado y termina, continua o tiene cualquier tipo de relación con el presente. • Cuando no decimos exactamente cuándo una acción ocurrió, normalmente con expresiones tales como: yet, always, never, ever, just,already. • Expresiones españolas tales como:: Hace una semana que no te veo Acabo de llegar a casa • Para expresar la duración de una actividad continua comenzada en el pasado y continuando en el presente. • En expresiones españolas como: Llevo dos meses estudiando. Excepción: Esta mañana me he levantado a las 9’00h

PRESENTE PERFECTO CONTINUO

Negat.: S+have/has+not+been+V-ing He hasn’t been...