Glycemic curve with the intake of two types of food

Glycemic curve with the intake of two types of food
Ronald Carter¹, Carlos Sepúlveda Guzmán²
¹ Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte, Colegio SS.CC. Padres Franceses
² Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Andrés Bello

Abstract
RONALD CARTER, CARLOS ANDRÉS SEPÚLVEDA GUZMÁN. Glycemic curve with the intake of two types of food. Purpose: Compare the glycemic curve in the intakeof two types of carbohydrate rich food. Introduction: Intake carbohidrate rich food produces significant variations in glycemic. The type of carbohydrate that composes in the food ingested provides the glycemic curve that may can be generated. The regulation of blood glucose at rest and exercises is controlled by pancreas, organ reponsible for produce insuline and glucagon. Is in the exerciseswhere this game of relatioship becomes very important for the blood glucose presents no greats changes and remain stable with the purpose not to generated state of hypoglycemia. Hypolycemia state can be cause of central fatigue, which decreases performance of an athlete. Materials and methods: 6 subject divided into 2 groups of 3 everyone. One group eat bread and other ingested honey. Blood glucoseis evaluated with a glucose monitor before, post 30 minute of ingested food, later the subjects run smoothly finally evaluation of glycemia. Result: The subjects that ingested bread obtained an initial value of glycemia on average of 85 mg/dL of blood, 90 mg/dL of blood and 84 mg/dL of blood. The subjects that ingested honey obtained average value of 77 mg/dL of blood, 110 mg/dL of blood and 110mg/dL of blood. Conclusions: The subjects more increased their blood glucose were ingesting honey obtaining values much higher than the subjects ingested bread. This effect can be caused by the composition of type of carbohydrate that composed the food.
Keywords: Glycemia, glycemic index, pancreas, insulin, exercises.

Introduction. The food we eat every day contain all the energeticssubstrates than a human needs for biological functions. These substrates undergo a series of mechanisms into cell with the objetive of synthesize ATP as anaerobic o aerobic depending of cellular status enegetics (Åstrand & Rodalh, 1992). But not only the energetics substrates serve this purpose, but also meets functions structural, enzymatics, regulatory, etc (Ganong, 2000). One of the energeticssubstrates that meets a essential role for maintain the celular energetics status is the glucose, a carbohydrate composed by 6 atoms of carbon than for evolutionay processes is the main molecule generating of ATP in the living (López Chicharro & Fernández Vaquero, 1995). The mechanism of absorption of glucose in the human is very simple in the intestine and is dependent of sodium. Cells of the humanbeings have adapted to use exclusively this type of carbohydrate for convert in energy (Wilmore & Costill, 2001). However the human consumption is very variable often not only eat glucose, but rather a set of different types of carbohydrate. In this way the intestinal cells adaptations have had suffer to absorb other types of carbohydrates like fructose by adapted receptors to the transport of thiscarbohydrate monomer. The absorption of fructose and the glucose occurs mainly in the proximal thin intestine (duodenum and jejunum), however the starch, it is a type of complex carbohydrate is absorbed in the most distal of the thin intestinal (ileum) although its composition is exclusively glucose. The fructose is absorbed by the GLUT5 and the glucose by SGLT1. Once both types carbohydratesabsorbed travel through the hepatic portal system to the liver where can be stored or released to bloodstream (Ganong, 2000).
A concept that emerges product of modification of blood glucose is glycemic index. Defined as the capacity to raise the glycemia (Jenkins et al., 2002; Ortega Sanchez-Pinilla, 1992). A food with a high glycemic index is deduced that presented high index absorption in the...