Gramatica Basica Ingles

• MODAL VERBS OF OBBLIGATION: • MUST: • MUST + INFINITIVE. • STRONG OBLIGATIONS WHICH EXPRESS OF THE PERSON. • FOR FORMAL RULES OR LAWS (Passengers must fasten their seat belts now,) • SUGGESTIONS, ADVICE, RECOMMENDATIONS THAT THE PERSON FEELS STRONGLY. (You must come to my party, everyone's is going to be there) • MUSTN´T: • MUSNT´T + INFINITIVE • EXPRESS PROHIBITION • NEGATIVE RULES OR LAWS.(Drivers mustn't exceed the speed limit.) • STRONG ADVICE. ( You mustn't blame yourself. ) • HAVE TO: • HAVE TO + INFINTIVE • STRONG OBLIGATIONS WHICH EXPRESS THE AUTORITY OF A THIRD PERSON. • TO THE SPEAKER TO SHOW THEY ARE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR IMPOSING THE OBLIGATION, OR DO NOT AGREE WITH IT. (I have to work late. My boss said so) • WHEN YOU REMIND SB A RULE OR LAW (You have to wear a set belt inthe back of the cars) • HAVE GOT TO: • HAVE GOT TO • MORE INFORMAL THAN HAVE TO + INF. • DIRECT COMANDS (You have got to stop wasting your money) • FOR EMPHASIS (I have got to pass the exam today) • DO NOT HAVE TO / HAVE NOT GOT TO • DON'T HAVE TO / HAVEN'T HAVE TO • LACK OR OBLIGATION OR NECESSITY ( You don't have to wear uniform, but you can if you like) • NEED TO: • NEED TO • NEEDS ORNECESSITIES, NO OBLIGATIONS. ( I need to now all about that person) • DON'T NEED TO / NEEDN'T: 1

• DON'T NEED TO / NEEDN'T + INFINITIVE. • LACK OF OBLIGATION OR NECESITY, VERY SIMILAR TO DON'T HAVE TO. ( There are no lessons tomorrow, so I don't need to get up early / You needn't tell me your phone number if you don't want you.) • DIDN'T NEED TO: • DIDN'T NEED TO + INFINITIVE • IT WAS NOT NECESSARY SOWE DIDN'T DO IT. ( It was to early so we didn't need to hurry to go to the beach) • • NEEDN'T HAVE: • NEEDN'T HAVE+ 3º RD. • IT WAS NOT NECESARRY BUT WE ALSO DID IT. ( He needn't have driven so fast; now he has to pay a fine) • PAST TIME: • PAST SIMPLE: • REGULAR OR IRREGULAR VERB ONLY. • ACTION OR EVENT THAT IS FINISHED. • SPECIFIC PLACE AND TIME IN THE PAST ( Judy went to EE UU last week) •ESPECIFIC PERIOD IN THE PAST (She lived in Argentina between 1990 and 1999) • WAS HABITUAL DURING AN ESPECIFIC PERIOD (When she lived in Argentina, she ate up at 10 o'clock) • PAST CONTINUOS: • VERB IN SIMPLE PAST + −ING. • CONTINUOS EVENT IN THE PAST, PUEDE O NO ESTAR TERMINADO ( She was working hard) • TEMPORARY EVENT IN THE PAST WHICH WAS BEFORE ANOTHER ACTION. ( I was cooking when I heard thetelephone rang) • AN EVENT THAT START BEFORE ANOTHER EVENT IN THE PAST AND CONTINUED. (When I come in, all the other people were eating the desert) • SIMULTANEOS ACTIONS IN THE PAST. ( While I was trying to sleep my sister was looking tv) • REPEATED ACTIONS OCCURING OVER A PERIOD IN THE PAST. (Before I got on my own flat, I was always arguing with my parents) • PAST PERFECT: • HAD + 3º COLUMN: • A PASTEVENT WHICH OCCUR BEFORE ANOTHER PAST EVENT ( Mike had already left.)

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• PAST PERFECT CONTINUOS: • HAD BEEN+ −ING. • WHEN WE WANT TO EMPHASISE THE CONTINUITY AND DURATION OF AN EVENT. ( I have been doing it for ages) • PRESENT PERFECT: • HAVE/HAS+ 3º COLUMN • EVENT THAT START IN THE PAST, CONTINUE IN THE PRESENT, AND MAY BE CONTINUE IN THE FUTURE. • RECENT EVENT IN THE PAST WHICH ISIMPORTANT IN THE PRESENT. (A man has appeared in court charged with the murder of the missing person) • AN EVENT THAT HAPPENED IN THE PAST BUT WE DON'T NOW THE ESPECIFIC TIME −NOT IMPORTANT THE TIME− ( Have you seen Jill ?) • HAPPENED IN THE PAST BUT IN UNFISHED TIME − THIS MONTH, THIS DAYS, ( I didn't see Tim last week but I have been out with him twice already this week) • PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOS:• HAVE/ HAS BEEN + −ING. • TO EMPHASISES THE CONTINUITY AND DURATION OF THE EVENT. ( They have been living in the same house ever since they got married) • A CONTINUOS ACTIVITY IN THE PAST IS RESPONSIBLE OF SITUATIONS IN THE PRESENT. ( I am not crying, I have been peeling onions) • PARTICIPLE CLAUSES: siempre las 2 partes de la oracion tienen que tener el mismo sujeto. • PRESENT PARTICIPLE...