Gramatica Inglés

UNIDAD 1
A) DETERMINANTES DEMOSTRATIVOS

* THIS: se refiere a una cosa, persona o situación cercana en el tiempo o en el espacio de la persona que habla.
* THESE: se refiere a cosas, personas o situaciones cercanas en el tiempo o en el espacio de la persona que habla.
* THAT: se refiere a una cosa, persona o situación distante en el tiempo o en el espacio de la persona que habla.* THOSE: se refiere cosas, personas o situaciones distantes en el tiempo o en el espacio de la persona que habla.
This chair is light. / That chair is light. These chairs are light / Those books are heavy.
B) PRESENTE SIMPLE
En el presente simple, se agrega s a la 3º persona singular.
Afirmación | Negación | Interrogación |
I play | I do not play | Do I play? |
You play | You donot play | Do you play? |
He plays | He does not play | Does he play? |
She plays | She does not play | Does she play? |
It plays | It does not play | Does it play? |
We play | We do not play | Do we play? |
They play | They do not play | Do they play? |
 Ortografía: Adicionalmente a la regla general de agregar s a la 3º persona singular, se deben tomar en cuenta los siguientes casos:1.- Los verbos terminados en consonante + y, cambian la y por –ies. fly:  flies, deny : denies…
 2.- Los verbos terminados en –o agregan –es al final. do : does, go : goes.
3.- Los verbos terminados en –s, –x, –z, –ch, –sh, agregan –es al final. miss : misses, rush : rushes, watch : watches
Usos
• Se usa para hablar de situaciones permanentes las cuales suponemos no cambiarán y parareferirse a realidades inmutables.
I live in Chile Do you smoke?
 • Sirve para hablar de acciones que ocurren habitualmente.
We study English every day I go to the cinema once a week
• Se usa con verbos relacionados con estados.
I believe in God I want a new bicycle
• Se usa para referirse a eventos futuros prefijados e inamovibles que forman parte de un programa.
The train leaves at10.00 The concert starts at 8.00
UNIDAD 2
A) TO BE
Afirmación | Negación | Interrogación |
I am happy | I am not happy | Am I happy? |
You are happy | You are not happy | Are you happy? |
He is happy | He is not happy | Is he happy? |
She is happy | She is not happy | Is she happy? |
It is happy | It is not happy | Is it happy? |
We are happy | We are not happy | Are we happy?|
They are happy | They are not happy | Are they happy? |
 Definición: Este verbo se refiere al estado en que se encuentra una persona, cosa o situación; a las características o cualidades de éstas; a la permanencia o existencia en un determinado lugar.
I am intelligent. You are not shy.  Are you hungry?
Se utiliza para hablar de profesiones, en este caso se agrega a/an cuando essingular.
I am a lawyer I am an engineer
B) TO HAVE / TO HAVE GOT
Afirmación | Negación | Interrogación |
I have got a dog | I have not got a dog | Have I got a dog? |
You have got a dog | You have not got a dog | Have you got a dog? |
He has got a dog | He has not got a dog | Has he got a dog? |
She has got a dog | She has not got a dog | Has she got a dog? |
It has got a dog | Ithas not got a dog | Has it got a dog? |
We have got a dog | We have not got a dog | Have we got a dog? |
They have got a dog | They have not got a dog | Have they got a dog? |
Afirmación | Negación | Interrogación |
I have a cat | I do not have a cat | Do I have a cat? |
You have a cat | You do not have a cat | Do you have a cat? |
He has a cat | He does not have a cat | Does he have acat? |
She has a cat | She does not have a cat | Does she have a cat? |
It has a cat | It does not have a cat | Does it have a cat? |
We have a cat | We do not have a cat | Do we have a cat? |
They have a cat | They do not have a cat | Do they have a cat? |

Definición: Ambas formas verbales indican posesión de cosas o de características personales; también se usan para referirse a...