Guia de estudio

THE CELL THEORY
• All living organisms come from cells.
• Originated from other cells.
• Contain information.
• All energy flow occurs in the cell.
TYPES OF CELLS
Prokaryotic: Bacteria areprokaryotic cells. Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus, a separate membrane-bound compartment that contains genetic material in the form of DNA. They also do not contain any membrane-bound internalstructures. Prokaryotic cells are much smaller than eukaryotic, and according to the fossil record, they pre-date eukaryotic cells.
Eukaryotic: Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and other internal structureswith specialized functions, called organelles that are surrounded by membranes. Eukaryotic organisms include single-celled organisms such as amoebas and yeast as well as a multicellular plants,fungi, and animals, to name a few.

CELL FUNCTION
Vacuole: Stores material within the cell; Provides temporary storage of food, enzymes and waste products.
Ribosomes: The sites of protein synthesis;Small bumps located on portions of the endoplasmic reticulum.
Endoplasmic Reticulum: Transports materials within the cell.
Cytoplasm: The region inside the cell except for the nucleus; Providessupport for the cell, has two “subparts”
Nucleus: Organelle that manages or controls all the cell functions in a eukaryotic cell.
Chloroplasts: Contains chlorophyll, a green pigment that traps energy fromsunlight and gives plants their green color.
Lysosomes: Digests excess or worn-out cell parts, food particles and invading viruses or bacteria.
Cell Wall: Firm, protective structure that gives thecell its shape in plants, fungi, most bacteria and some protests.
Mitochondria: Produces a usable form of energy for the cell.
Golgi Apparatus: Packages proteins for transport out of the cell.Organelles: Everything inside the cell including the nucleus.
Nucleolus: Site where ribosomes are made.
Plasma Membrane: The membrane surrounding the cell.
Chromatin: Name for the collection of DNA...