Gwasrgb

THIS NOTEBOOK BELONGS TO …..…………………………………………………………….



|2nd E S 0 |



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In this lesson you will learn …



➢ The terms of a fraction.
➢ To identify and findequivalent fractions.
➢ To compare and order fractions.
➢ To make operations with fractions.
























































|Fractions |





What is a Fraction?
A fraction is a number that expresses part of a unit or group.
It can be expressed as anoperator or as division. Fractions are written in the form [pic] or a/b, where “a” and “b” are integers numbers, and the number “b” is not zero.

The number “a” is called the numerator, and the number “b” is called the denominator.
Example:
The fraction 4/6 represents the shaded portion of the circle below. There are 6 pieces in the group, and 4 of them are shaded.


How toread fractions

Do you remember ordinal numbers?

Examples:
[pic] one half [pic] seven halves [pic] five thirds
[pic] one fourth [pic] one sixth [pic] five sixths ........

1 Write five different examples and resolve them.


|Equivalent Fractions |




Equivalent fractions are different fractions which equalthe same amount.
For example. the fractions 1/2, 2/4, 3/6, 100/200, and 521/1042 are equivalent fractions.
The fractions 3/7, 6/14, and 24/56 are all equivalent fractions.

We can test if two fractions are equivalent by cross-multiplying their numerators and denominators. This is also called taking the cross-product.

2 Write four equivalent fractions to 2/5


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|Comparing Fractions |


1. To compare fractions with the same denominator, look at their numerators. The larger fraction is the one with the larger numerator.
2. To compare fractions with different denominators, take the cross product. The first cross-product is the product of the first numerator and the seconddenominator. The second cross-product is the product of the second numerator and the first denominator.
Compare the cross products using the following rules:
a. If the cross-products are equal, the fractions are equivalent.
b. If the first cross product is larger, the first fraction is larger.
c. If the second cross product is larger, the second fraction is larger.
Example:Compare the fractions 3/7 and 1/2.

The first cross-product is the product of the first numerator and the second denominator: 3 × 2 = 6.
The second cross-product is the product of the second numerator and the first denominator: 7 × 1 = 7.
Since the second cross-product is larger, the second fraction is larger.

|Converting and reducing Fractions|




For any fraction, multiplying the numerator and denominator by the same nonzero number gives an equivalent fraction. We can convert one fraction to an equivalent fraction by using this method.
Examples: a) 1/2 = (1 × 3)/(2 × 3) = 3/6 b) 2/3 = (2 × 2)/(3 × 2) = 4/6
Another method of converting one fraction to an equivalentfraction is by dividing the numerator and denominator by a common factor of the numerator and denominator.
Examples: a) 20/42 = (20 ÷ 2)/(42 ÷ 2) = 10/21 b) 36/72 = (36 ÷ 3)/(72 ÷ 3) = 12/24
When we divide the numerator and denominator of a fraction by their greatest common factor, the resulting fraction is an equivalent fraction in lowest terms.



3 Look for three pairs of...