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lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllENRIQUE FLORESCANO
DE LA MEMORIA DEL PODER A LA HISTORIA COMO EXPLICACIÓN

Historia para sancionar el presente: el pasado vivo y actuante

En tanto que la reconstrucción del pasado es una operación que se hace a partir del presente, los intereses de los hombres que deciden y gobiernan ese presente intervienen en la recuperación del pasado,...cada vez que un movimiento social triunfa e impone sudominio político sobre el resto de la sociedad, su triunfo se vuelve la medida de lo histórico: domina el presente, comienza a determinar el futuro y reordena el pasado: define el qué recuperar del inmenso y variado pasado y el para qué de la recuperación. Así, en todo, tiempo y lugar la recuperación del pasado, antes que científica, ha sido primordialmente política: una incorporación intencionaday selectiva del pasado lejano e inmediato adecuada a los intereses del presente para juntos modelarlo y obrar sobre el porvenir.

La reconstrucción parcial y pragmática del pasado es tan antigua como la historia del nombre y se ha prolongado hasta los tiempos más recientes. Asume todas las formas de identificación, de explicación de los orígenes, de legitimización del orden establecido, dedarle sentido a la vida de los individuos y las naciones, de inculcar ejemplos morales, de sancionar la dominación de unos hombres sobre otros, de fundar el presente y ordenar el futuro inmediato. Los primeros testimonios 1 directos que de su acción histórica dejó l hombre a la posteridad son memorias del poder y la dominación: genealogías de revés y gobernantes, monumentos que fechan y magnifican...