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Clinicians should consider the possibility of swine influenza virus infections in patients presenting with febrile respiratory illness. If swine flu is suspected, clinicians should obtain arespiratory swab for swine influenza testing and place it in a refrigerator (not a freezer). Once collected, the clinician should contact their state or local health department to facilitate transport andtimely diagnosis at a state public health laboratory.
Interim guidance is provided here for nurses and clinicians who might provide care for patients with swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) or suspectedswine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. It will be periodically updated as information becomes available.
Transmission
Transmission of swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) is being studied aspart of the ongoing outbreak investigation, but limited data available indicate that this virus is transmitted in ways similar to other influenza viruses. Seasonal human influenza viruses are spreadfrom person to person primarily through large-particle respiratory droplet transmission (e.g., when an infected person coughs or sneezes near a susceptible person). Transmission via large-particledroplets requires close contact between source and recipient persons, because droplets do not remain suspended in the air and generally travel only a short distance (65 years, residents of any age ofnursing homes or other long-term care institutions; and persons with asthma or other chronic pulmonary diseases, such as cystic fibrosis in children or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults,hemodynamically significant cardiac disease, immunosuppressive disorders or who are receiving immunosuppressive drugs, sickle cell anemia and other hemoglobinopathies, diseases that requiring long-termaspirin therapy, such as rheumatoid arthritis or Kawasaki disease, chronic renal dysfunction, cancer, chronic metabolic disease, such as diabetes mellitus, neuromuscular disorders, seizure disorders,...