History Igcse

Chapter 1
Who should bear the blame?
Murder in Sarajevo(Bosnia) : the archduke Franz Ferdinand (AUSTRIA)visited Sarajevo. Nobody was happy with this visit. A group of teenagers did a plan to kill Franz. They were in three different places to shot the car and then they would drink poison to kill themselves and not to go to prison. The 1 and 2 group did nothing the 3 shot the car and drank thepoison. The attack failed. The security reacted and decided to change the rout and explained to the driver of the car. The driver didn’t understand it and did a wrong rout. When everybody heard the bomb they thought the archduke was dead except from Princip that was in the Schillier`s café. When they took the wrong rout they pass trough the café and the Princip shot and killed him and his wife andthen drunk the poison. But he didn’t die and was taken to prison. April 1918 he died.









The alliances: 2 big groups. 1- Triple Alliance 1882 (Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy) 2- Triple Entente 1907(Britain, France and Russia).
Triple alliance. Germany⋄ 1870 it was a collection of small independent states (+ imp Prussia). Prussia became powerful when it won a war to France. Andunify the others states and became the German Empire. German took from France Alsace-Lorraine and unify with Austria-Hungary and Italy to protect. 1914 had the 2 best industrial after USA.
The German Kaiser thought that Germany should had overseas colonies and so they had established 2 in Africa.
1890the Kaiser ordered the building of a large navy and armies.
They were worried about theencirclement. (were surrounded by Russia and France
Austria-Hungary⋄ was an expanding empire in the centre of Europe. This country had different ethnics groups. Most of this wanted to independence. North⋄ Czech wanted to rule themselves, South⋄ most were slaves (Croats) and they wanted their own state and the Serbs living in the south wanted to unify with Serbia.
By 1914 the main concern of the empirewas how to keep it unify al the empire because they wanted self determination. (tenian que separarse Austria y Hungary para tener mas control y mas aliansas)
This empire had outsider problems.
Serbia became independent and was becoming powerful force in the Balkans
Russia supported the Serbs and had a very strong army.
Italy⋄ was formed by a collection of small states. Wanted to settledoverseas colonies. And its allies didn’t trust so much in her, and it was not a strong country.
The Triple Entente. Britain⋄ 19 C Britain tried not to get involved in European politics (splendid isolation). Britain had overseas colonies. France and Russia were the 2 most dangerous rivals.
France and Britain had agreements about colonies in North Africa.
Russia was defeated in a war against Japan in1904- they weakened Russia
Britain was worried about Germany because they were creating a powerful empire
Britain began to co-operate with France and signed an agreement in 1904. And Britain signed another agreement with Russia 1907.
France⋄ had been defeated by Germany in 1870. Germany became more powerful and France became worried so they built industries and armies. It also established agood relationship with Russia. The main concerns were:
To protect itself against Germany
To get back Alsace-Lorraine
Russia⋄ had been based in agriculture and the little industries that were settled were with the French help.
The balance of power: historians thought the alliances were the balance of power because they prevent a possible war.
The tension builds, 1900-1914
Anglo-German navalrivalry: Britain had the best navy since 1805, but during de 1900s Germany started to build new navy. Britain was scared and didn’t find any sense for Germany building the navy because she has her empire in the inside of Europe. But Germany thought that was to protect they trade. They both built when they hear that the other was building. While this two countries were arming the other countries...