How Do Magnetic Fields Affect The Rate Of Flow Of Water?

This science fair project investigates how the magnetic field emanating from a permanent magnet will affect the rate of flow of water through a narrow passage. The experiment will be done using saltsolution and tap water, with a magnetic field as well as without a magnetic field.
Hypothesis
Under the influence of an adequately strong magnetic field, the salt solution will have a slower rateof flow than the tap water

Overview
Diamagnetism

Diamagnetism is the behavior of certain materials that forms an opposing magnetic field when it is exposed to an external magnetic fieldgenerated by a permanent magnet. Diamagnetic materials normally have a relative permeability of less than 1, causing them to be repelled by the magnetic field.

The magnetic field from an externalpermanent magnet will have its flux lines curved away from the diamagnetic materials, resulting in repulsion. The magnetic field will also be slightly weakened by the diamagnetic material.

Water isdiamagnetic. It is able to slightly attenuate and repel the magnetic field from an external permanent magnet. This weakening effect is greater when salt water is used. In theory, if water is able to repel amagnetic field, it should then be possible to slow down the rate of flow of water through a narrow channel, by introducing a sufficient strong magnetic field along the channel.

Scientific TermsDiamagnetism, diamagnetic materials, relative permeability, magnetic flux

Materials
The materials required for this cool science fair project are:

- 400 ml of tap water
- 50 grams ofsalt
- 2 beakers
- 1 burette
- 1 measurement cylinder
- 1 stop watch
- 2 large permanent magnets



Procedure
1. The independent variables of this science fair project isthe type of water used (salt solution and tap water) and whether the a magnetic field is or is not present. The dependent variable is the time taken for the fluid to flow out of the burette. This is...