Human trafficking

Human Trafficking

Human trafficking is not a new phenomenon; it has existed for decades as a new form of slavery and it turns to be among the most lucrative crimes in the world with an estimate numbers of $32 billion of profits per year (LEDERER, 2012) . And this is growing so fast that the possibility of counter the problem is small since the money invested by the Countries to solve theproblem is not even the 10th part of the earnings of these transnational nets. Most of the budget are contributions and not everybody is engaged with the problem, only Russia, Australia and Luxemburg has contributed to the cause this year summing 260 000 Euros, plus 1 million of the UN Voluntary Trust Fund. (LEDERER, 2012).
According to the UNODOC human trafficking is a crime against humanity, that’swhy there are lot organizations involving in finding solutions that counters that problem. The concept of human trafficking involves several elements such as “the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerabilityor of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation” (United Nations office on Drugs and Crime, 2004)
Most of the people trafficked are women and children because they are the most susceptible part of the population and an easy target for traffickers. They are usually forced to “prostitutionor other forms of sexual exploitation” (United Nations office on Drugs and Crime, 2004) by transnational criminals who have a powerful net of prostitution around the world and most of the time functionaries of the countries are implied in those nets that every year make profits of millions of dollars.
One example is Malaysia where 10 immigration officials have been accused of “involvement inselling refugees from Myanmar to gangs in Thailand”. (Pearson, 2009) This investigation began because Malaysia appeared on the list of the world’s worst human trafficking offenders in June of 2009 and the Human Rights Watch’s deputy started to investigate and push the authorities to come out with a solution and to fight this problem. This international pressure by the UN makes governments such asMalaysia to revised their law and put the human trafficking as a priority. And this was because this type of crime is always put in the bottom of the priorities since the police departments are male-dominated and they have attitudes of sexism against women and children who suffer from this (LEDERER, 2012).
Also there are other forms of exploitations an this include forced labor or services,slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude and removal of organs. (UNODC, 2012)
And one example of the forced labor is the experience by thousands of children working in the cotton fields in Uzbekistan or lots of women working in the service industries, or domestic work with low wage salary and under critical conditions. (Human Right Watch, 2012)
The Human Trafficking has three main elementsthat are sumarize in the next picture:

UNODOC 2012 HUMAN TRAFFICKING
The United Nations has responded to this situation in a Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, adopted by General Assembly resolution 55/25 of 15 November 2000 following the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Conventionagainst Transnational Organized Crime. (United Nations office on Drugs and Crime, 2004)
Also there is a General Assembly Resolution 53/111 of 9 December 1998, in which it was decided to establish an “open-ended intergovernmental ad hoc committee for the purpose of elaborating a convention against transnational organized crime and of discussing the elaboration of, inter alia, an international...