Ing.industrial
Páginas: 9 (2015 palabras)
Publicado: 3 de octubre de 2010
SIX SIGMA (PART 2)
Manuel Rincón, M.Sc. October 15th, 2004
DMAIC Process
Develop Charter and Business Case Map Existing Process Collect Voice of the Customer Specify Controls / Requirements
Control
Define
Improve Analyze
Measure
Measure Controls / Requirements Determine Process Stability Determine Process Capability Calculate Baseline Sigma Refine Problem Statement
SIXSIGMA
DMAIC: Measure
Measure the performance of the Core Business Process involved. Develop a data collection plan & operational definitions for the process. Collect data from many sources to determine types of defects and metrics. Compare to customer survey results to determine shortfall.
SIX SIGMA
DMAIC: Measure
Cycle Time Data (T6
600 500 400
out
-T2 in)
80 70 60 50Min: 48 Days Max: 506 Days
Average Time per Step
Negotiation
Days
Days
Sample Size: 17
300 200 100 0
40
SOW
30 20 10 0
Other Party Approval RA Draft Dow Approval Review Distributed
Avg.= 153 Days
T1
T2
T3
T4 out
T5
T6
T7
Cycle Time for 1st Draft Prepared (T2
70 60 50
-T2 in)
Fact
Min: 0 (same) Day Max: 68 Days Sample Size: 26
Days
4030 20 10 0
There is no standard mechanism for recording cycle time
Avg.= 20 Other Party’s Agm RA Template
Performed by Team
Partially Negotiated
DAS Agm
SIX SIGMA
DMAIC Process
Develop Charter and Business Case Map Existing Process Collect Voice of the Customer Specify Controls / Requirements
Control
Define
Improve Analyze
Measure
Measure Controls /Requirements Determine Process Stability Determine Process Capability Calculate Baseline Sigma Refine Problem Statement
Identify Root Causes Quantify Root Causes Verify Root Causes
SIX SIGMA
DMAIC: Analyze
Analyze the data collected and process map to determine root causes of defects and opportunities for improvement. Identify gaps between current performance and goal performance Prioritizeopportunities to improve. Identify sources of variation.
SIX SIGMA
DMAIC: Analyze
Control Charts
Pareto Charts
Scatter plots
Data collection
Histograms
Stratification
Ishikawa Diagrams
SIX SIGMA
… cambiemos a Español…
SIX SIGMA
Ejemplo (Control de fracciones disconformidades)
Se envasa petróleo refinado (Mezcla Mexicana) en barriles de 200 litros. Estosenvases los produce una máquina formando un tubo a partir de una pieza de hierro y aplicando luego un fondo metálico. Al inspeccionar un barril puede determinarse al llenarlo si goteará por la junta lateral o la del fondo. Tal bote disconforme tiene un sellado inadecuado en la junta lateral o del fondo. Para establecer el sistema de control se seleccionaron 30 muestras de n=50 barriles cada mediahora durante un período de tres turnos. Se desea elaborar un diagrama de control preliminar para ver si el proceso estaba bajo control cuando se obtuvieron esos datos.
Número de muestra Número de disconformidades 1 12 2 15 3 8 4 10 5 4 6 7 7 16 8 9 9 14 10 10 11 5 12 6 13 17 14 12 15 22 16 8 17 10 18 5 19 13 20 11 21 20 22 18 23 24 24 15 25 9 26 12 27 7 28 13 29 9 30 6
SIX SIGMA
Ejemplo(Control de fracciones disconformidades)
Número de muestra Número de disconformidades 1 12 2 15 3 8 4 10 5 4 6 7 7 16 8 9 9 14 10 10 11 5 12 6 13 17 14 12 15 22 16 8 17 10 18 5 19 13 20 11 21 20 22 18 23 24 24 15 25 9 26 12 27 7 28 13 29 9 30 6 347 Fracción disconforme 0.24 0.3 0.16 0.2 0.08 0.14 0.32 0.18 0.28 0.2 0.1 0.12 0.34 0.24 0.44 0.16 0.2 0.1 0.26 0.22 0.4 0.36 0.48 0.3 0.18 0.24 0.14 0.260.18 0.12 0.2313
p =-
SIX SIGMA
Fórmulas para definir Límites de Control
Límite Superior de Control (LSC) =
p
+
3
√ √
p(1-p) n
Límite Inferior de Control (LIC) =
p
-
3
p(1-p) n
SIX SIGMA
Ejemplo (Control de fracciones disconformidades)
Diagrama de Control (Disconformidades)
0.5
0.45
0.4 Fracción disconforme muestral
0.35
0.3...
Manuel Rincón, M.Sc. October 15th, 2004
DMAIC Process
Develop Charter and Business Case Map Existing Process Collect Voice of the Customer Specify Controls / Requirements
Control
Define
Improve Analyze
Measure
Measure Controls / Requirements Determine Process Stability Determine Process Capability Calculate Baseline Sigma Refine Problem Statement
SIXSIGMA
DMAIC: Measure
Measure the performance of the Core Business Process involved. Develop a data collection plan & operational definitions for the process. Collect data from many sources to determine types of defects and metrics. Compare to customer survey results to determine shortfall.
SIX SIGMA
DMAIC: Measure
Cycle Time Data (T6
600 500 400
out
-T2 in)
80 70 60 50Min: 48 Days Max: 506 Days
Average Time per Step
Negotiation
Days
Days
Sample Size: 17
300 200 100 0
40
SOW
30 20 10 0
Other Party Approval RA Draft Dow Approval Review Distributed
Avg.= 153 Days
T1
T2
T3
T4 out
T5
T6
T7
Cycle Time for 1st Draft Prepared (T2
70 60 50
-T2 in)
Fact
Min: 0 (same) Day Max: 68 Days Sample Size: 26
Days
4030 20 10 0
There is no standard mechanism for recording cycle time
Avg.= 20 Other Party’s Agm RA Template
Performed by Team
Partially Negotiated
DAS Agm
SIX SIGMA
DMAIC Process
Develop Charter and Business Case Map Existing Process Collect Voice of the Customer Specify Controls / Requirements
Control
Define
Improve Analyze
Measure
Measure Controls /Requirements Determine Process Stability Determine Process Capability Calculate Baseline Sigma Refine Problem Statement
Identify Root Causes Quantify Root Causes Verify Root Causes
SIX SIGMA
DMAIC: Analyze
Analyze the data collected and process map to determine root causes of defects and opportunities for improvement. Identify gaps between current performance and goal performance Prioritizeopportunities to improve. Identify sources of variation.
SIX SIGMA
DMAIC: Analyze
Control Charts
Pareto Charts
Scatter plots
Data collection
Histograms
Stratification
Ishikawa Diagrams
SIX SIGMA
… cambiemos a Español…
SIX SIGMA
Ejemplo (Control de fracciones disconformidades)
Se envasa petróleo refinado (Mezcla Mexicana) en barriles de 200 litros. Estosenvases los produce una máquina formando un tubo a partir de una pieza de hierro y aplicando luego un fondo metálico. Al inspeccionar un barril puede determinarse al llenarlo si goteará por la junta lateral o la del fondo. Tal bote disconforme tiene un sellado inadecuado en la junta lateral o del fondo. Para establecer el sistema de control se seleccionaron 30 muestras de n=50 barriles cada mediahora durante un período de tres turnos. Se desea elaborar un diagrama de control preliminar para ver si el proceso estaba bajo control cuando se obtuvieron esos datos.
Número de muestra Número de disconformidades 1 12 2 15 3 8 4 10 5 4 6 7 7 16 8 9 9 14 10 10 11 5 12 6 13 17 14 12 15 22 16 8 17 10 18 5 19 13 20 11 21 20 22 18 23 24 24 15 25 9 26 12 27 7 28 13 29 9 30 6
SIX SIGMA
Ejemplo(Control de fracciones disconformidades)
Número de muestra Número de disconformidades 1 12 2 15 3 8 4 10 5 4 6 7 7 16 8 9 9 14 10 10 11 5 12 6 13 17 14 12 15 22 16 8 17 10 18 5 19 13 20 11 21 20 22 18 23 24 24 15 25 9 26 12 27 7 28 13 29 9 30 6 347 Fracción disconforme 0.24 0.3 0.16 0.2 0.08 0.14 0.32 0.18 0.28 0.2 0.1 0.12 0.34 0.24 0.44 0.16 0.2 0.1 0.26 0.22 0.4 0.36 0.48 0.3 0.18 0.24 0.14 0.260.18 0.12 0.2313
p =-
SIX SIGMA
Fórmulas para definir Límites de Control
Límite Superior de Control (LSC) =
p
+
3
√ √
p(1-p) n
Límite Inferior de Control (LIC) =
p
-
3
p(1-p) n
SIX SIGMA
Ejemplo (Control de fracciones disconformidades)
Diagrama de Control (Disconformidades)
0.5
0.45
0.4 Fracción disconforme muestral
0.35
0.3...
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