Ingenieria De Procesos

b le, E - 1 -

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FOR CHEMlCAl AND PETROCHEMlCRl PLANTS
Volume 1, Third Editim
Emphasizes how to apply techniques of process design and interpret results into mechanical equipment details

4

APPLIED PROCESS D E S I G N
FOR CHEMICRL RHO PETROCHEMlCRl PlANTS
Volume 1, Third Edition

Volume 1:

1, 2. 3. 4.

Process Planning, Scheduling, Flowsheet Design Fluid Flow Pumping ofLiquids Mechanical Separations 5. Mixing of Liquids 6. Ejectors 7. Process Safety and Pressure-Relieving Devices Appendix of Conversion Factors
8. Distillation 9. Packed Towers

Volume 2:

Volume 3:

10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

Heat Transfer Refrigeration Systems Compression Equipment Compression Surge Drums Mechanical Drivers

Gulf Professional Publishing
an imprint of Butterworth-HeinemannA P P L I E D PROCESS D E S I G N
FOR CHEMlCAl AND PETROCHEMICA1 PlANTS
Volume 1. Third Edition
Emphasizes how to apply techniques of process design and interpret results into mechanical equipment details

Ernest E. Ludwig

To my wqe, Sue, for her patient encouragement and help

I

Disclaimer The material in this book was prepared in good faith and carefully reviewed and edited.The author and publisher, however, cannot be held liable for errors of any sort in these chapters. Furthermore, because the author has no means of checking the reliability of some of the data presented in the public literature, but can only examine it for suitability for the intended purpose herein, this information cannot be warranted. Also because the author cannot vouch for the experience ortechnical capability of the user of the information and the suitability of the information for the user’s purpose, the use of the contents must be at the bestjudgment of the user.

APPLIED PROCESS DESIGN FOR CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS
Volume 1, Third Edition
Copyright 0 1999 by Butterworth-Heinemann. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This book, or parts thereof,may not be reproduced in any form without permission of the publisher.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Ludwig, Ernest E. Applied process design for chemical and petrochemical plants / Ernest E. Ludwig. - 3rd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-88415-025-9 (v. 1) 1. Chemical plants-Equipment and supplies. 2. Petroleum industry and trade-Equipmentand supplies. I. Title. TP 155.5.L8 1994 660’ .283-d~20 9413383 CIP Originally published by Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, TX. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 For information, please contact: Manager of Special Sales Butterworth-Heinemann 225 Wildwood Avenue W o b u , MA 01801-2041 Tel: 781-904-2500 Fax: 78 1-904-2620 For information on all Butterworth-Heinemann publications available, contact our World WideWeb home page at: http:llwww.bh.com

Contents
reface to the Third Edition .............................................
1

viii
1

Process Plannhg, Scheduling and Flowsheet Design ............................................................................
Organizational Structure, 1; Process Design Scope, 2; Role of the Process Design Engineer, 3; Flowsheets-Types, 4; FlowsheetPresentation, 10; General Arrangements Guide, 11; Computer-Aided Flowsheet Design/’Drafting, 17; Flowsheet Symbols, 17; Line ,Symbols and Designations, 17; Materials of Construction for L,ines, 18; Test Pressure for Lines, 18; Working Schedules, 29; Standards and Ciodes, 31; System Design Pressures, 33; Time Planning and Scheduling, 36; Activity Analysis, 36; Collection and Assembly of Physical PropertyData, 37; Estimated Equipment Calculation Man-Hours, 37; Estimated Total Process Man-Hours, 39; Typical Man-Hour Patterns, 40; Influences, 42; Assignment of Personnel, 43; Plant Layout. 45; Cost Estimates, 45; Six-Tenths Factor, 47; Yearly Cost Indices, 47; Return on Investment, 48; Accounting Coordination, 48.

Use of Base Correction Multipliers, 121; Panhandlea Gas Flow Formula, 121;...