Ingenieria Quimica

PROKARYOTIC CELLS

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http://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=gEwzDydciWc&feature=r elated

Bacterial growth

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Capsule
(glycoproteins, polysaccharides, polyalcohols andaminosugars)

•Attachment (pathogens) •Preventing phagocytosis •Resistance against desiccation and irradiation
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Bacterial cell wall

P

GRAM POSITIVE

GRAM NEGATIVE

Peptidoglycan (murein)Gram negative outer membrane Periplasm (P)

*Cytoplasmic membrane

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Gram stain

1853-1938
http://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=HxjN2mBLGCE http://www.youtube.com/wat ch?v=OQ6C-gj_UHMhttp://www.youtube.com/wat ch?v=DbSIE6Ula78 Gram stain Gram positive

Smear

DAP

NAG = N-acetylglucosamine, NAM = N-acetylmuramic acid DAP = diaminopimelic acid (lysine or other aa)
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10STRUCTURE OF MUREIN

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GRAM POSITIVE CELL WALL

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GRAM NEGATIVE CELL WALL

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Structure of LPS
http://www.youtube.com/wa tch?v=4rTIyf9ie5g

Endotoxins Challenge

Endotoxinhttp://video.google.es/videoplay?docid =1639951151854516799&q=endotoxi n&ei=WrKESNamI5OU2ALljIyPCQ&hl =es

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ARCHAEA CELL WALL

N-acetylalosaminuronic (NAT) replaces N-acetylmuramicacid

Surface layer: repeating units of one or a few proteins, glycoproteins or sugar
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PROTOPLASTS

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Cytoplasmic membrane (or Gram negative inner membrane)

cytoplasmic membrane (cm),the peptidoglycan layer (p), and the surface layer (s)

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Cytoplasmic membrane (or Gram negative inner membrane)

Thickness: 8 nm

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Cytoplasmic membrane (or Gram negative innermembrane)

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Cytoplasmic membrane (or Gram negative inner membrane)

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Cytoplasmic membrane (or Gram negative inner membrane)

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Cytoplasmic membrane (or Gram negative inner membrane)24

Hopanoids are pentacyclic compounds similar to sterols, whose primary function is to improve plasma membrane fluidity in prokaryotes

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Cytoplasmic membrane of Archaea

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