Inglés

We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important. You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever,never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.
Structure
subject+ have/has  +main verb   past participle
subject+ have/ has+ not +main verb   past participle
have/has  + subject +main verb   past participle?
+
* You have seen that movie many times.
Ustedes han visto que muchas veces la película.
* I've finished my work.
* He terminado mi trabajo.
*They've gone home
* Han ido a casa.
* Carol has read a computer magazine
* Carol ha leido una revista de informática
* Jimmy has played on the computer
* Jimmy ha jugado en el equipo
* Alex has not fed the hamster
* Alex no ha alimentado el hámster

 You have seen that movie many times
Usted no ha visto que muchas veces la película.
Lucy has not washed the dishesLucy no ha lavado los platos
David has not bought milk
David no ha comprado la leche
Aran and Jack have not done their homework
Aran y Jack no han hecho su tarea

She | has | not | been | to Rome. |
Ella | ha | no | ido | a Roma. |
We | have | not | played | soccer. |
Nosotros | han | no | jugado | fútbol. |



?
* You have not seen that movie many times.
* ¿Hasvisto que muchas veces la película?
Have | you |   | finished? |
Ha | usted | | terminado? |
Have you been there?
Has estado ahí?
Has Jenny locked the door?
Ha cerrado Jenny la puerta?
Has it rained a lot?
Ha llovido mucho?
Have you seen the picture?
Has visto la foto?

We used to talk about an action or situation that began in the pastand continues
Used How long? (Cuántotiempo ...?) in questions related with the duration and for (durante) or since (desde) for answers.

Structure how long
How long+ have+ subject+ verb   past participle+ complement?
Structure for and since
Subject+ have/has+ verb in past participle+ complement+ for/since+complement(time)
Subject+haven´t/hasn´t+ verb in past participle+ complement+ for since/ complement (time)

-  How long have youworked at OM Personal?
  ¿Cuánto tiempo has trabajado en OM Personal?
 I've worked here for twelve months (for twenty years, etc).
   He trabajado aquí durante doce meses (durante veinte años, etc)
  |
-  I've worked here since January (since 1990, since Christmas, etc).
   He trabajado aquí desde Enero (desde 1990, desde Navidad, etc) |

How long have she lived in Madrid? she has lived inMadrid for 5 years.
She has lived in Madrid since 2003
How long have you studied English?
¿Cuánto tiempo llevas estudiando ingles?
I have studied for 3 years
I have studied since Christmas

used in affirmative sentences and usually placed between have/has and the past participle  Structure
Subject+ have/has+ already+ verb in past participle+ complement

 I've already had lunch.
Ya hetenido el almuerzo
He has already Bought the milk
El ya ha comprador la leche
We've already had our breakfast.
Ya hemos tenido nuestro desayuno
* I have already had a swim in my swimming-pool.
Ya he tenido un baño en mi piscina

    You can also use the present perfect with yet (aún, todavía): Yet is used only in questions and negative sentences. It shows that the speaker is expectingsomething to happen.

Structure
-
Subject+Haven´t/ Hasn´t+ verb in past participle+ complement+ yet
?
Have/ has+ subject+ verb in past participle+ complement+ yet

I haven't told her about the accident yet.  | | | No le he contado del accidente aún. |
| | | |
I haven't seen that movie yet...But I am going to soon. | | | No he visto esa película aún...Pero la voy a ver pronto...