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Illegal drug trade in Colombia
Refers to the practice of producing and distributing illegal drugs with psychoactive effects in the Republic of Colombia. Colombia has had four major drugtrafficking cartels which eventually created a new social class and influenced several aspects of Colombian culture. Coca, marijuana and other drugs had been part of the lifestyle of some indigenous, but theworldwide demand of psychoactive drugs during the 1960s and 1970s
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History
Prohibition of drugs in Colombia was based on the introduction of prohibition laws in the United States with theHarrison Narcotics Act of 1914 which prohibited the production and consumption of opiates and cocaine, in 1937 added marijuana, tobacco and alcohol and later on a variety of stimulant, depressant, andhallucinogenic drugs between 1965 and 1968.
Some psychoactive drugs were already grown in Colombia at limited level by local indigenous groups, who mostly employed marijuana and coca leafs for ceremonialand traditional medical uses as part of their culture
Drug Cartels in Colombia
With prohibition, established producers and traffickers formed armed and clandestine cartels. During the 1980s, asdemand increased, the cartels expanded and organized into major criminal conglomerates usually headed by one or several kingpins as in the case of the Medellin Cartel and the North Coast Cartel, along withsucked federation-style groups such as the Cali Cartel and Norte del Valle Cartel.
Medellin Cartel
Medellin Cartel led by Pablo Escobar established a ruthless organization, kidnapping or murderingthose who interfered with its objectives. The Medellin Cartel was responsible for the murdering of numerous people including government officials, politicians, law enforcement members, journalists,relatives of these or innocent bystanders. The cartel sometimes cooperated with guerrilla groups such as the M-19, to process and protect illegal drugs.

Cali Cartel
The Cali Cartel, also known as...