Inun
Páginas: 21 (5093 palabras)
Publicado: 19 de febrero de 2013
The input device used to manipulate video games is called a game controller, and varies across platforms. For example, a dedicated console controller might consistof only a button and a joystick. Another may feature a dozen buttons and one or more joysticks. Early personal computer games often needed a keyboard for gameplay, or more commonly, required the user to buy a separate joystick with at least one button.[2] Many modern computer games allow, or even require, the player to use a keyboard and mouse simultaneously.
Video games typically also use otherways of providing interaction and information to the player. Audio is almost universal, using sound reproduction devices, such as speakers and headphones. Other feedback may come via haptic peripherals, such as vibration or force feedback, with vibration sometimes used to simulate force feedback.
-------------------------------------------------
History
Main article: History of video gamesSee also: First video game
Tennis for Two, an early analog computer game that used an oscilloscopefor a display
Early games used interactive electronic devices with various display formats. The earliest example is from 1947—a "Cathode ray tube Amusement Device" was filed for a patent on January 25, 1947, byThomas T. Goldsmith Jr. and Estle Ray Mann, and issued on December 14, 1948, as U.S.Patent 2455992.[3]
Inspired by radar display tech, it consisted of an analog device that allowed a user to control a vector-drawn dot on the screen to simulate a missile being fired at targets, which were drawings fixed to the screen.[4]
Other early examples include:
* The NIMROD computer at the 1951 Festival of Britain
* OXO a tic-tac-toe Computer game by Alexander S. Douglas forthe EDSAC in 1952
* Tennis for Two, an interactive game engineered by William Higinbotham in 1958
* Spacewar!, written by MIT students Martin Graetz, Steve Russell, and Wayne Wiitanen's on a DEC PDP-1 computer in 1961.
Each game used different means of display: NIMROD used a panel of lights to play the game of Nim,[5] OXO used a graphical display to play tic-tac-toe [6] Tennis for Two used anoscilloscope to display a side view of a tennis court,[4] and Spacewar! used the DEC PDP-1's vector display to have two spaceships battle each other.[7]
In 1971, Computer Space, created by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney, was the first commercially sold, coin-operated video game. It used a black-and-white television for its display, and the computer system was made of 74 series TTL chips.[8] The game wasfeatured in the 1973 science fiction film Soylent Green. Computer Space was followed in 1972 by the Magnavox Odyssey, the first home console. Modeled after a late 1960s prototype console developed by Ralph H. Baer called the "Brown Box", it also used a standard television.[4][9] These were followed by two versions of Atari's Pong; an arcade version in 1972 and a home version in 1975.[10] Thecommercial success of Pong led numerous other companies to develop Pong clones and their own systems, spawning the video game industry.[11]
-------------------------------------------------
Overview
Platforms
See also: History of video games
The term "platform" refers to the specific combination of electronic or computer hardware which, in conjunction with low-level software, allows a video...
Leer documento completo
Regístrate para leer el documento completo.