Kerbawys Work

3rd period

nato.

North Atlantic treaty organization. Military is commited to peaceful resolution of disputes. If the peaceful efforts didn’t work they would undertake crisis management operations. article 5 of the treaty says that if one of the members is attacked they would consider it as an attack against them all. consists in the expression of the collective will of all 28 members.they added a new strategic concept: collective defence crisis management.
Reason. An intense rivalry was developed between communist and non-communists. This organization was formed out of the fear that the soviet union would ally military with eastern European nations.
Started with the brussels treaty joining 5 countries: Belgium, france, Luxemburg, the netherlands and the UK. After othercountries joined. The soviet union formed another military allies as a response.
The Warsaw pact. Soviets union answer to the forming of NATO.

Human and economic losses of WW2.

Soviet union. Most of eastern Europe was devastated.
Military and civilian deaths: 74,127,400
Jewish: 5,992,00
Total: 80,119,400
People with mental disabilities, gypsies, jehovah’s witnesses, homosexuals, poles,communists, etc.

Cold war.
1945-1991.
Truman vs. Stalin was one of the main reasons of the cold war.

Martin luther king.
Born in Atlanta
Became pastor of a Baptist church in montogomery Alabama

Montgomery bus boycott. Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man.
King president of the Montgomery improvement association (MIA)
The 383-day boycott led the bys companyto change its regulations.
The supreme court declared a segregation unconstitutional.
The house of martin luther king was bombed.
MIA members were intimidates
Bus integration was introduced in 1956

SCLC. Southern Christian leadership conference was committed to use non-violence and protest against discrimination.

King was arrested was arrested for a sitting in Atlanta
King wrote the“stride towards freedom” this book influenced the civil rights movement.
1963. Kennedy proposed his civil rights bill.
Kennedy persuaded the congress
King organised the legendary march of Washington.
Benyard Rustin was the head.
“I have a dream” speech: freedom and equality for all.
Congress accept the bill: civil rights act 1964.
Won the nobel price in 1964
1965 led the campaign to registerblacks to vote. Voting rights act.
He opposed the Vietnam war and poverty levels in the US.
The KKK tarnish his name in the south.
On april 4th, 1968, king was shot dead.
Riots in many cities.
James Earl Ray was found guilt

Space exploration.
*Grew out of the cold war between the US and the USSR
*Started with the launch of the Sputnik 1, the first satellite ever launched in October 1957.*sputnik carried a dog named laika
*Dwight Eisenhower was the president of US and thought the sputnik wasn’t that important and in 1958 created NASA.
*NASA: national aeronautics and space administration. Started with project mercury, project Gemini and project Apollo.
*soviet union: send the first rocket called the soviet vostok 1
1961 and send Yuri A. Gagarin.
*the first American going tospace was Alan B. Sheppard and John Glenn was the first to orbit the earth, this just a month after the soviet union send the first man to space.
*the first woman into orbit, Valentina Tereshkova in 1963.
*landings: soviet union: parachute system
US: splashdown landing.
*moon landing: Apollo 11th the first to land in the moon in 1969. With astronauts Neil Armstrong and BuzzAldrin. Successfully return to earth.
*the soviets never put a man on the moon, but send robot vehicles called Lunokudoh
concluded with the co-operative Apollo- Soyuz test project that was spaceflight mission.

Persian gulf war.
Operation desert storm (1990- 91)
*causes: Saddam Hussein accused Kuwait and the Unite Arab of overproduction of oil.
*talks between Iraq and Kuwait collapsed...