La Autoestima

Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like bridges, roads, canals,dams, and buildings.[1][2][3] Civil engineering is the oldest engineering discipline aftermilitary engineering,[4] and it was defined to distinguish non-military engineering from militaryengineering.[5] It is traditionally broken into several sub-disciplines includingenvironmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering,transportation engineering, municipal or urban engineering, water resources engineering,materials engineering, coastal engineering,[4]surveying, and construction engineering.[6]Civil engineering takes place on all levels: in the public sectorfrom municipal through to national governments, and in the private sector from individual homeowners through to international companies.

Civil engineering is the application of physical and scientific principles, and its history is intricately linked to advances in understanding of physics andmathematics throughout history. Because civil engineering is a wide ranging profession, includingseveral separate specialized sub-disciplines, its history is linked to knowledge of structures, materials science, geography, geology, soils, hydrology,environment, mechanics and other fields.
Throughout ancient and medieval history most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans, such as stonemasons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder. Knowledge was retainedin guilds and seldom supplanted by advances. Structures, roads and infrastructure that existed were repetitive, and increases in scale were incremental.[12]

One of the earliest examples of a scientific approach to physical and mathematical problems applicable to civil engineering is the work of Archimedes in the 3rd century BC, including Archimedes Principle, which underpins our understandingof buoyancy, and practical solutions such asArchimedes' screw. Brahmagupta, an Indian mathematician, used arithmetic in the 7th century AD, based on Hindu-Arabic numerals, for excavation (volume) computations

Careers
There is no one typical career path for civil engineers. Most people who graduate with civil engineering degrees start with jobs that require a low level of responsibility, and as thenew engineers prove their competence, they are trusted with tasks that have larger consequences and require a higher level of responsibility. However, within each branch of civil engineering career path options vary. In some fields and firms, entry-level engineers are put to work primarily monitoring construction in the field, serving as the "eyes and ears" of senior design engineers; while inother areas, entry-level engineers perform the more routine tasks of analysis or design and interpretation. Experienced engineers generally do more complex analysis or design work, or management of more complex design projects, or management of other engineers, or into specialized consulting, including forensic engineering.

-------------------------------------------------
Sub-disciplines
Coastalengineering
Coastal engineering is concerned with managing coastal areas. In some jurisdictions the terms sea defense and coastal protection are used to mean, respectively, defence against flooding and erosion. The term coastal defence is the more traditional term, but coastal management has become more popular as the field has expanded to include techniques that allow erosion to claim land.Earthquake engineering

Environmental engineering
Environmental engineering deals with the treatment of chemical, biological, and/or thermal waste, the purification of water and air, and theremediation of contaminated sites, due to prior waste disposal or accidental contamination. Among the topics covered by environmental engineering are pollutant transport, water purification, waste water...