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Ireland (Éire [e ː ɾ ʲ ə], in Irish, Ireland, in English) is a member of the European Union, which occupies most of the island of the same name.

It has three of the four historic provinces: Leinster (Irish: Laighin), Connacht (Irish: Connacht) and Munster (Irish: An Mhumhain) where much of the remaining Ulster (Irish: Cúige Uladh), known as Northern Ireland the United Kingdom. [3] [4] Itscapital is Dublin (Irish: Baile Átha Cliath and English: Dublin). In 1949 the Irish state was declared as the Republic of Ireland (Republic of Ireland English, Irish Poblacht na hÉireann).

 

[Edit] EtimologíaEl Article 4 of the Constitution of Ireland, which was adopted in 1937, says that "the name of the state is Éire ', or English, Ireland." [5] For all official purposes, includinginternational relations other legal documents, the Irish government used the name of Ireland, in addition to using Éire for documents written in Irish.

The institutions of the European Union remain the same system since the Irish became an official language on 1 January 2007 and called the State Éire - Ireland, just like the official names used for an Irish passport. [6]

The island's name comesfrom Old Irish Ériu (in modern Irish Éire) with the addition of the Germanic word land.

Ériu, the proto-Celtic * Īwerjū (which also generated Iwerd Welsh, Irish Sea), originally meant fat, fertility in the sense of [7].

Éire The Celts called it the Irish population, so the land became known as ground or Éireland Éire, whose derivation came to be Ireland (Ireland).

Today, the officialstate name is Ireland, Ireland (in English) and Éire (Irish). Republic of Ireland, Republic of Ireland or Poblacht na hÉireann is writing the official text.

[Edit] HistoriaArtículos major: History of Ireland and History of the Republic of Ireland
[Edit] Prehistory and Age AntiguaLos original inhabitants of Ireland were hunters and gatherers during the Mesolithic period and used stone tools.Around 3000 BC C. evolved to the Bronze Age, growing grain, raising pets and making weapons, bronze tools and jewelry. At the beginning of 2000 a. C., major shrines and tombs built of stone (megaliths), still observable in the Irish landscape. In the first century C. was under the control of the Picts, Neolithic people described in Irish folklore as Fir Bolg.

The first Celts arrived around 1600BC C. Celtic Ireland founding. Celtic politically divided Ireland into four provinces: Leinster, Munster, Ulster and Connacht. Before his arrival, the basic units of Irish society were the Tuatha, and small kingdoms, each of which was quite small, about 150 tuatha for a population of less than 500,000 people. The entire territory was ruled by a monarch called Gran Rey [8].

The traditional listof those named in the title of High King of Ireland goes back thousands of years, in the middle of the second millennium BC C., although the first part of the list are quite legendary. It is not certain at what point the list begins to refer to historical individuals, nor to what extent can call these individuals Gran Rey, in the later sense of the word. This social structure was adapted to thelifestyle of the Celts, always prone to be organized in tribal units relatively small and autonomous.

The Annals of the Four Masters (Irish, Annala Rioghachta Éireann) or the Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters are a chronicle of the history of Ireland. Entries include dates between 2242 a. C. and d. 1616 C., although it is believed that the first entries refer to dates around550 BC C. Is a compilation of previous records, although some original works. Were collected between 1632 and 1636 in the Franciscan monastery in County Donegal. [9]

Beltane or Bealtaine (Irish 'Buenfuego') is a former Irish holiday that was celebrated on May 1. [10] To the Celts, Beltane marked the beginning of the pastoral summer season when the herds of cattle were brought to summer...