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Cultural Diagram
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* Background
geografy
Covering most of the northern part of the North American continent and with an area larger than that of the United States, Canada has an extremely varied topography. In the east, the mountainous maritime provinces have an irregular coastline on the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the Atlantic. The St. Lawrence plain,covering most of southern Quebec and Ontario, and the interior continental plain, covering southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan and most of Alberta, are the principal cultivable areas. They are separated by a forested plateau rising from Lakes Superior and Huron.
Westward toward the Pacific, most of British Columbia, the Yukon, and part of western Alberta are covered by parallel mountain ranges,including the Rockies. The Pacific border of the coast range is ragged with fjords and channels. The highest point in Canada is Mount Logan (19,850 ft; 6,050 m), which is in the Yukon. The two principal river systems are the Mackenzie and the St. Lawrence. The St. Lawrence, with its tributaries, is navigable for over 1,900 mi (3,058 km).
With Canada being so large, the climate varies considerablythroughout the country. Canada is generally known for its cold winters and hot, but short, summers.

Average daily maximum and minimum temperatures for selected cities in Canada
City | July (°C) | July (°F) | January (°C) | January (°F) |
Calgary | 23/9 | 73/48 | −3/−15 | 27/5 |
Edmonton | 23/12 | 73/54 | −8/−17 | 18/1 |
Halifax | 23/14 | 73/58 | -0/-9 | 32/17 |
Montreal | 26/16 | 79/60 |-6/-15 | 22/6 |
Ottawa | 27/15 | 80/60 | −6/−15 | 21/5 |
Quebec City | 25/13 | 77/56 | -8/-18 | 18/0 |
Regina | 26/11 | 79/52 | -10/-22 | 14/-8 |
Saskatoon | 25/11 | 77/52 | -12/-22 | 10/-8 |
Toronto | 26/18 | 80/64 | −1/−7 | 30/19 |
Windsor | 28/17 | 82/63 | -1/-8 | 30/17 |
Winnipeg | 26/13 | 79/55 | −13/−20 | 9/−4 |
Vancouver | 22/13 | 71/54 | 6/1 | 43/33 |
Victoria | 22/11 |71/51 | 7/1 | 44/33 |

History
The first people to live in Canada were the Inuit and First Nation Peoples. The first Europeans to reach the country were likely the Vikings and it is believed that Norse explorer Leif Eriksson led them to the coast of Labrador or Nova Scotia in 1000 C.E. European settlement did not begin in Canada until the 1500s. In 1534, French explorer Jacques Cartierdiscovered the St. Lawrence River while searching for fur and shortly thereafter, he claimed Canada for France. The French began to settle there in 1541 but an official settlement was not established until 1604. That settlement, called Port Royal, was located in what is now Nova Scotia. In addition to the French, the English also began exploring Canada for its fur and fish trade and in 1670 establishedthe Hudson's Bay Company. In 1713 a conflict developed between the English and French and the English won control of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Hudson Bay. The Seven Year’s War, in which England sought to gain more control of the country then began in 1756. That war ended in 1763 and England was given full control of Canada with the Treaty of Paris. In the years after the Treaty of Paris, Englishcolonists flocked to Canada from England and the United States. In 1849, Canada was given the right to self-government and the country of Canada was officially established in 1867. It was comprised of Upper Canada (the area that became Ontario), Lower Canada (the area that became Quebec), Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. In 1869, Canada continued to grow when it bought land from the Hudson’s BayCompany. This land was later divided into different provinces, one of which was Manitoba. It joined Canada in 1870 followed by British Columbia in 1871 and Prince Edward Island in 1873. The country then grew again in 1901 when Alberta and Saskatchewan joined Canada. It remained this size until 1949 when Newfoundland became the tenth province.

* Life Style
Housing
Canadian architectural...