Licenciatura

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Designation: D 2167 – 94
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Standard Test Method for

Density and UnitWeight of Soil in Place by the Rubber Balloon Method1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2167; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revisionor reapproval.

1. Scope 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the inplace density and unit weight of compacted or firmly bonded soil using a rubber balloon apparatus. 1.2 This test method is suitable for use as a means of acceptance for compacted fill or embankments constructed of fine-grained soils or granular soils without appreciable amounts of rock or coarse material. 1.3 This testmethod also may be used for the determination of the in-place density and unit weight of undisturbed or in situ soils, provided the soil will not deform under the pressures imposed during the test. 1.4 This test method is not suitable for use in organic, saturated, or highly plastic soils that would deform under the pressures applied during this test. This test method may require special care foruse on (1) soils consisting of unbonded granular materials that will not maintain stable sides in a small hole, (2) soils containing appreciable amounts of coarse material in excess of 11⁄2 in. (37.5 mm), (3) granular soils having high void ratios, or (4) fill materials containing particles with sharp edges. For soils containing appreciable amounts of particles in excess of 11⁄2 in. (37.5 mm),Test Methods D 4914 or D 5030 should be used. 1.5 It is common practice in the engineering profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and a unit of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the gravitational system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound unitswithin a single standard. This standard has been written using the gravitational system of units when dealing with the inch-pound system. In this system the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight). However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of mass lbm/ft 3 should not be regarded as nonconforming with this test method. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-

priate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids2 D 698 Test Methods for Moisture-Density Relations of Soilsand Soil-Aggregate Mixtures, Using 5.5-lb (2.49-kg) Rammer and 12-in. (305-mm) Drop2 D 1557 Test Methods for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures Using 10-lb (4.54-kg) Rammer and 18-in. (457-mm) Drop2 D 2216 Method for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil, Rock, and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures2 D 3740 Practice for the Evaluation of Agencies Engaged inTesting and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction2 D 4643 Test Method for Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soils by the Microwave Oven Method2 D 4718 Practice for the Correction of Unit Weight and Water Content for Soils Containing Oversize Particles2 D 4753 Specification for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Balances and Scales for Use in...