Lipids And Carbohydrates
Páginas: 5 (1230 palabras)
Publicado: 3 de octubre de 2012
Lipids
A lipid is group of a large, wide and diverse group of naturally occurring organic compounds that are related by their solubility in nonpolar organic solvents. And they are insoluble in water. They are also defined by being hydrophobic small molecules. This group of molecules include , fats , oils, waxes, phospholipids, steroids and some other related compounds. They are soluble inoil.
Their insolubility in water results because almost all the bonds in lipids are nonpolar carbon or carbon hydrogen bonds.
They are three important categories of lipids. Oil, fats and waxes, phospholipids and steroids.
Oils and fats are made up of two subunits,
Glycerol. Is a three carbon molecule with each carbon bearing a hydroxyl group. The three carbons from the backbone ofthe fat molecule.
Fatty acids. Fatty acids have long hydrocarbon chains. Ending in a carboxyl group. Three fatty acids are attached to each glycerol backbone.
Because there are three fatty acids, the resulting fat molecule is called a triglyceride. (most dietary fats is in form of triglyceride, an abundant type of oil.
The difference between fats and oils is the number of double bondsin their fatty acids. Waxes differ from fats and oils by having a chemical backbone slightly different from glycerol.
The phospholipids differ from oils in that one of their fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate group attached to a nitrogen=containing group. Steroids are composed of four carbon rings . most of your cell membranes contain the streroids cholesterol. Male and female sex hormonesare also steroids.
Their characteristics, such as, they are not water soluble , but fat soluble, their considered a kind of fat or oil. They have high energy content and can be metabolized to release calories,.
They help create lasting structure with the body . they are also electrical insulators and are needed to insulate nerve axons so that they can transmit an electro-chemical impulseover relatively long distance.
Why do lipids form so much energy?
Lipids are not water soluble, which means they cannot be lost in urine, they store theire energy in form of triglycerides, which each contains three fatty acid compounds , all bound to a glycerol chemical backbone.
They are twice as effective energy source than carbohydrates.
Explain why phospholipids form a bilayer.This happens because , the end of the phospholipid molecule that is attracted to water is called the hydrophilic head and its polar nature is due to its phosphate group.
The result is that any phospholipids , will bring their hydrophobic ends together and leave the hydrophilic ends in the outside. Phospholipids in the presence of water form a bilayer.
Carbohydrates.
What are they?Carbohydrates are molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen with the concentration of hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a 2. 1 ratio . abundant energy is locked in their many carbon/hydrogen bonds.
Plants, algae, and some bacteria produce carbohydrates by the process of photosynthesis . most organisms use carbohydrates as an important fuel, breaking these bonds and realizing energy tosustain life.
It is the type of nutrient that is the major source of energy for the body.. living things they use carbohydrates, as a source of energy. Some animals and plants also use carbohydrates for structural purposes..
How many types are they?
They are three types of carbohydrates.
Simple carbohydrates
Complex carbohydrates
Fiber
The complex carbohydrates , also calledstarches they are carbs and made up of a lot of linked string and chains of sugars. They also are sometimes healthier from simple carbs because in addition to being starchy, they also provide you with some of dietary fiber. Some complex carbohydrates are.
Corn , bread, cereal, pasta and rice. According to the Harvard school of public healths “the nutrition source” like simple carbohydrates,...
A lipid is group of a large, wide and diverse group of naturally occurring organic compounds that are related by their solubility in nonpolar organic solvents. And they are insoluble in water. They are also defined by being hydrophobic small molecules. This group of molecules include , fats , oils, waxes, phospholipids, steroids and some other related compounds. They are soluble inoil.
Their insolubility in water results because almost all the bonds in lipids are nonpolar carbon or carbon hydrogen bonds.
They are three important categories of lipids. Oil, fats and waxes, phospholipids and steroids.
Oils and fats are made up of two subunits,
Glycerol. Is a three carbon molecule with each carbon bearing a hydroxyl group. The three carbons from the backbone ofthe fat molecule.
Fatty acids. Fatty acids have long hydrocarbon chains. Ending in a carboxyl group. Three fatty acids are attached to each glycerol backbone.
Because there are three fatty acids, the resulting fat molecule is called a triglyceride. (most dietary fats is in form of triglyceride, an abundant type of oil.
The difference between fats and oils is the number of double bondsin their fatty acids. Waxes differ from fats and oils by having a chemical backbone slightly different from glycerol.
The phospholipids differ from oils in that one of their fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate group attached to a nitrogen=containing group. Steroids are composed of four carbon rings . most of your cell membranes contain the streroids cholesterol. Male and female sex hormonesare also steroids.
Their characteristics, such as, they are not water soluble , but fat soluble, their considered a kind of fat or oil. They have high energy content and can be metabolized to release calories,.
They help create lasting structure with the body . they are also electrical insulators and are needed to insulate nerve axons so that they can transmit an electro-chemical impulseover relatively long distance.
Why do lipids form so much energy?
Lipids are not water soluble, which means they cannot be lost in urine, they store theire energy in form of triglycerides, which each contains three fatty acid compounds , all bound to a glycerol chemical backbone.
They are twice as effective energy source than carbohydrates.
Explain why phospholipids form a bilayer.This happens because , the end of the phospholipid molecule that is attracted to water is called the hydrophilic head and its polar nature is due to its phosphate group.
The result is that any phospholipids , will bring their hydrophobic ends together and leave the hydrophilic ends in the outside. Phospholipids in the presence of water form a bilayer.
Carbohydrates.
What are they?Carbohydrates are molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen with the concentration of hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a 2. 1 ratio . abundant energy is locked in their many carbon/hydrogen bonds.
Plants, algae, and some bacteria produce carbohydrates by the process of photosynthesis . most organisms use carbohydrates as an important fuel, breaking these bonds and realizing energy tosustain life.
It is the type of nutrient that is the major source of energy for the body.. living things they use carbohydrates, as a source of energy. Some animals and plants also use carbohydrates for structural purposes..
How many types are they?
They are three types of carbohydrates.
Simple carbohydrates
Complex carbohydrates
Fiber
The complex carbohydrates , also calledstarches they are carbs and made up of a lot of linked string and chains of sugars. They also are sometimes healthier from simple carbs because in addition to being starchy, they also provide you with some of dietary fiber. Some complex carbohydrates are.
Corn , bread, cereal, pasta and rice. According to the Harvard school of public healths “the nutrition source” like simple carbohydrates,...
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