lluvia acida
Páginas: 5 (1069 palabras)
Publicado: 29 de agosto de 2013
INTRODUCTION -
-Acid rain causes serious environmental impacts, deforestation of forests is given by human action but also acid rain intervenes in the destruction of forests and in turn impoverishes the soil fertile, and also damages plants. These rain forests severely weakened.
-Our vegetation exposed directly to acid rain not only suffers the consequences of soil degradation, butalso direct damage that can potentially cause death of many species.
-In ancient times, rain water was the purest available, but today contains many pollutants from the air. Acid rain occurs when industrial emissions combine with atmospheric moisture. Clouds can carry pollutants great distances, damaging forests and lakes far from the factories in which they originated. Near the factory,additional damage occurs by deposition of larger particles in the form of dry precipitation. The pollution has been increasing since the Industrial Revolution, but until recently its effects, such as acid rain, have produced international alarm
1 - ACID RAIN
1.1 Definition
-This phenomenon was discovered in 1872 by a British chemist in Manchester. The rain has a pH around 5.7, when the rainwater has a low pH and contains dissolved sulfuric acid and nitric acid is considered acid rain. These acids are formed when the sulfur oxides (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NO2) combine with water vapor from the atmosphere.
-The sulfur dioxide is caused by the combustion of certain types of coal thermal power plants and the oil and its derivatives.
2 - HISTORY
-The problem of acid rainoriginated in the Industrial Revolution, and has continued to worsen since. It has long been recognized the severity of its effects locally. An extensive area that has been subject of many studies is northern Europe, where acid rain has eroded structures, damaged forests and crops, and endangered the life in lakes.
-The concern about acid rain was demonstrated for the first time atinternational meetings, such as the United Nations Conference on Environment held in Stockholm in 1972. At this meeting, the Swedish government presented a statement entitled "Air Pollution: The impact of sulfur in air and precipitation on the environment." In this study it became clear how sulfur oxide waste, discharges to air from industrial installations fossil fueled, damaged ecosystems Nordic country tobe swept away by the winds, becoming the atmosphere into sulfuric acid, and the precipitate in the soil and inland waters in the form of acid rain.
3 - CHEMICAL REACTIONS
-The acid transformation of some atmospheric gases can occur naturally or by volcanic activity. But it emits into the atmosphere large quantities of SO2 and NO2 is the massive use of organic fuels.
-The chemicalreactions that cause acid rain occur in the troposphere. These reactions are initiated when a photon of light strikes a molecule of ozone (O3) and results in a molecule (O2) and an atom (O) of oxygen. This atom is very reactive and is combined with a water molecule to form two radicals’ hydroxides (-OH).
-The combination of the nitrogen oxide (NO2) with a radical (-OH) originates nitric acid(HNO3). Meanwhile, formation of sulfuric acid is initiated by the combination of sulfur oxide with a hydroxyl radical present in the atmosphere. While nitric acid is dissolved in the water droplets of clouds, sulfuric acid condenses into microscopic droplets.
4-CAUSES
Acid rain is caused by:
- Emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide.
- The primary air pollutants from the use ofcoal in electricity production, function and combustion in vehicles.
4.1 Power Plants
For heat-produces some of the electricity they consume. They transform renewable energy sources such as coal.
4.2 Sources of emissions of sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide
- Motor vehicles.
- Boats.
- Railways.
- Industries.
- Combustion in energy products.
- Forest fires and...
-Acid rain causes serious environmental impacts, deforestation of forests is given by human action but also acid rain intervenes in the destruction of forests and in turn impoverishes the soil fertile, and also damages plants. These rain forests severely weakened.
-Our vegetation exposed directly to acid rain not only suffers the consequences of soil degradation, butalso direct damage that can potentially cause death of many species.
-In ancient times, rain water was the purest available, but today contains many pollutants from the air. Acid rain occurs when industrial emissions combine with atmospheric moisture. Clouds can carry pollutants great distances, damaging forests and lakes far from the factories in which they originated. Near the factory,additional damage occurs by deposition of larger particles in the form of dry precipitation. The pollution has been increasing since the Industrial Revolution, but until recently its effects, such as acid rain, have produced international alarm
1 - ACID RAIN
1.1 Definition
-This phenomenon was discovered in 1872 by a British chemist in Manchester. The rain has a pH around 5.7, when the rainwater has a low pH and contains dissolved sulfuric acid and nitric acid is considered acid rain. These acids are formed when the sulfur oxides (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NO2) combine with water vapor from the atmosphere.
-The sulfur dioxide is caused by the combustion of certain types of coal thermal power plants and the oil and its derivatives.
2 - HISTORY
-The problem of acid rainoriginated in the Industrial Revolution, and has continued to worsen since. It has long been recognized the severity of its effects locally. An extensive area that has been subject of many studies is northern Europe, where acid rain has eroded structures, damaged forests and crops, and endangered the life in lakes.
-The concern about acid rain was demonstrated for the first time atinternational meetings, such as the United Nations Conference on Environment held in Stockholm in 1972. At this meeting, the Swedish government presented a statement entitled "Air Pollution: The impact of sulfur in air and precipitation on the environment." In this study it became clear how sulfur oxide waste, discharges to air from industrial installations fossil fueled, damaged ecosystems Nordic country tobe swept away by the winds, becoming the atmosphere into sulfuric acid, and the precipitate in the soil and inland waters in the form of acid rain.
3 - CHEMICAL REACTIONS
-The acid transformation of some atmospheric gases can occur naturally or by volcanic activity. But it emits into the atmosphere large quantities of SO2 and NO2 is the massive use of organic fuels.
-The chemicalreactions that cause acid rain occur in the troposphere. These reactions are initiated when a photon of light strikes a molecule of ozone (O3) and results in a molecule (O2) and an atom (O) of oxygen. This atom is very reactive and is combined with a water molecule to form two radicals’ hydroxides (-OH).
-The combination of the nitrogen oxide (NO2) with a radical (-OH) originates nitric acid(HNO3). Meanwhile, formation of sulfuric acid is initiated by the combination of sulfur oxide with a hydroxyl radical present in the atmosphere. While nitric acid is dissolved in the water droplets of clouds, sulfuric acid condenses into microscopic droplets.
4-CAUSES
Acid rain is caused by:
- Emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide.
- The primary air pollutants from the use ofcoal in electricity production, function and combustion in vehicles.
4.1 Power Plants
For heat-produces some of the electricity they consume. They transform renewable energy sources such as coal.
4.2 Sources of emissions of sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide
- Motor vehicles.
- Boats.
- Railways.
- Industries.
- Combustion in energy products.
- Forest fires and...
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