Logistica

I n t ro d u c t i o n t o

LOGISTICS ENGINEERING

I n t ro d u c t i o n t o

LOGISTICS ENGINEERING

E d i t e d by

G. Don Taylor

Boca Raton London New York

CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

This material was previously published in Logistics Engineering Handbook © Taylor & Francis, 2008.

CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4200-8851-9 (Hardcover) This book contains information obtainedfrom authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holdersif permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented,including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http:// www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC isa not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Taylor, G. Don. Introduction to logistics engineering / editor, G. Don Taylor. p. cm. “ A CRC title.” Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4200-8851-9 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Systems engineering. 2. Logistics. I. Title. TA168.T39 2009 658.5--dc22 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC PressWeb site at http://www.crcpress.com 2008039016

This handbook is dedicated to my children, Alex and Caroline. Alex always makes me laugh and he is the best pal I’ve ever had. We think so much alike it seems that we are almost the same guy! My time with him is treasured. Caroline is the sweetest little person I’ve ever known. She has stolen my heart forever and has made the word “Daddy” my mostcherished title.

Contents

Preface � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ix About the Editor � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � xi Contributors � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � xiii 1 Logistics from a Historical Perspective � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 1-1
Joel L. Sutherland

2 Economic Impact of Logistics � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 2-1...