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races Indian and English, in A Passage to India. The development of the theme in both cases is similar and almost predictable as well. People were together in the start but then thy started going away from each other (Ralph, Piggy, Simon, Jack, Maurice and Roger, Dr. Aziz, Ronny, Mrs. Moore, Adela, and Fielding). The good facing evil – clash between the forces of construction and destruction –separation and union are the common features of both the novels. Evil is discovered in both the novels – when relations suffer. E. M. Forster and William Golding give an access to the unconscious of the characters and provide a psychoanalytical study of the presence of so-called evil in human affairs.The theme of evil and its outcome is central to both the novels. This research highlights a point ofsimilarity between the treatments of this theme by the authors. It emphasizes that the external setting of the stories, from the moment ‘evil’ emerges and shapes the further life of the characters who encounter it, is superfluous and used only as a device. It is the internal life of the characters represented in both the novels through which ‘evil’ is subliminally reflected. Hence, E.M. Forster,and William Golding seem to focus on the consciousness of the characters rather than representing them as the victim of surroundings.
It is said that evil is present in the caves. ‘Evil’ is absence of good. In the caves ‘darkness’ is the symbolic representation of the absence of the light of hope and union. There is an air of disappointment in the caves. As the bridge party was unable to bridgethe gulf between the English and the Indians, an effort made by Dr. Aziz to entertain two English ladies, goes in vain (Wright 223). Both the ladies visit the caves while having different thoughts and suffer. Adela suffers psychologically and considers as if she is raped while Mrs. Moore suffers both psychologically and physically and dies later on. ‘Evil’ in the form of breakage of human relationsappears in the caves.
The Marabar Caves are the focal point where it is impossible to identify good from evil. The merger of both in the Caves represents the mystery of life, where things are not black or white, but an overlapping of black and white, of good and evil. The ambition of human agency to keep things in order becomes nothing more than a representative phenomenon of this overlapping.The human agency and its disappointments, fears, hopes, quest for personal values and universal love, are served with an ultimate failure in attaining any meanings and significance rather they are taken back to a prehistoric kind of chaos where they are evermore undetermined, and always in flux. The characters in the novel encounter the universal confusion in all its nakedness for the first time inMarabar Caves. The outcome is hazardous as the superfluously ordered and meaningful day-to-day world of causal existence is reduced to a contingent one. The boum-oum of the caves serves like big bang and makes human agency realize that it is merely the production of an accident and its life is surrounded and encircled by an overwhelming nothingness. Beyond the boum-oum, life has no meaning ratherit does not exist. All the characters in the novel who experience this presence of nothingness in the scheme of things are seen in a struggle to revaluate their standing and viewpoints. They interpret and mark this experience in their actions and behaviour to others. The new Mrs. Moore is indifferent; the new Adela is hostile to love, to human contact; the new Aziz is agitative anduncompromising; the new Fielding is amazed and disappointed.
The transformation of the characters enables the reader to focus more closely on the presence and location of evil in the scheme of the novel. However, the location of evil in the novel is undetermined. It is in neither the Caves, nor an integral part of Chandrapur landscape. Evil emerges as an opportunity to various characters to act in a certain...