Mandela

Its events.

South African Politician (Umtata, Transkei, 1918). Renouncing his hereditary right to be head of a tribal Xhosa, Nelson Mandela became a lawyer in 1942.

In 1944 he joinedthe African National Congress (ANC), a movement of struggle against the oppression of black South Africans. Mandela was one of the leaders of the League of Youth Congress, which would be the dominant group inthe ANC; its ideology was socialism Africa:  nationalist, racist and imperialist.
In 1948 he came to power in South Africa the National Party, which institutionalized racial segregation created by theapartheid regime. Inspired by Gandhi, the ANC advocated nonviolent methods of struggle: the Youth League (led by Mandela in 1951- 52) organized campaigns of civil disobedience against segregationlaws.

In 1952, Mandela went on to head the ANC in the Transvaal, while heading to the volunteers who defied the regime, had become the de facto leader of the movement. Therepression produced 8000 arrests, including that of Mandela, who was confined in Johannesburg. He established the first black law firm in South Africa.
In 1955, completion of their sentences, he reappeared in public, promoting theadoption of a Charter of Liberty, in which embodied the aspiration of a multiracial state, egalitarian and democratic, agrarian reform and a policy of social justice in the distribution of wealth.The hardening of the racist regime reached its peak in 1956, with the government's plan to create seven reserves or Bantustans, supposedly independent marginal territories in which to confine the blackmajority. The ANC responded with demonstrations and boycotts that led to the arrest of most of its leaders, Mandela was charged with high treason, tried and released for lack of evidence in 1961.During the trial took place during the Sharpeville massacre, in which police opened fire on an unarmed crowd protesting against the racist laws, killing 69 protesters (1960). The killing advised...