Manual soya

MP 197


Arkansas Soybean

Developed by
the Soybean Commodity Committee of the
Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas, and
authored by professional soybean workers of the
University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture


h a n d b o o k


UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS
DIVISION OF AGRICULTURE
Cooperative Extension Service


Funded by
Arkansas Soybean Producersthrough the Arkansas Soybean Promotion Board and
the Cooperative Extension Service,
University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture


COVER PHOTO: Jerry W. Sites, Drew County Extension Agent - Staff Chairman, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas TABLE OF CONTENTS PHOTOS: (top) William L. Russell, Jr., Extension Video Specialist, and (middle) C. Richard Maples, ExtensionCommunications Specialist, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas; (bottom) A.C. Haralson, Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism

Arkansas Soybean Handbook
Table of Contents
Overview
Page No.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

The Arkansas Soybean Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

Soybean Development and Selection
Growth andDevelopment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Variety Development, Testing and Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Seed Grain Composition, Quality and Testing . . . . . . . . . . 17

Crop Management
Fertilization and Liming Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Drainage and Tillage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Planting Practices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Irrigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Pest Management
Weed Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Nematode Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Diseases and Their Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Insect Pest Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Chemical Application and Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Harvesting, Drying and Storing
Harvesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 On-Farm Drying and Storing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 110

Economics and Utilization
Production Systems and Economics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Soybean Marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Processing and Utilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Soybean Facts
Soybean Facts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131Contributing Authors
Dr. Charles Allen, Extension Entomologist,
Southeast Research and Extension Center, University of Arkansas, Monticello

Dr. Dennis Gardisser, Extension Agricultural
Engineer, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas, Little Rock

Dr. Lanny Ashlock, Extension Agronomist ­
Soybeans, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas, Little Rock

Dr. NavamHettiarachchy, Professor,
Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Dr. Ford Baldwin, Extension Weed Scientist,

Gary Huitink, Extension Agricultural Engineer,
Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas, Little Rock

C O N T R I B U T I N G AU T H O R S


Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas, Little Rock

Dr. Donald Johnson, PestManagement Section Dwayne Beaty, Area Extension Agronomist,
Southeast Research and Extension Center, University of Arkansas, Monticello Leader/Extension Entomologist, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas, Little Rock

Dr. Richard Cartwright, Extension Plant
Pathologist, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas, Little Rock

Dr. Terry Keisling, Professor, Department of...