Mental health policy

European Obser vator y on Health Systems and Policies Series

Mental health policy and pr actice across Europe

Martin Knapp David McDaid Elias Mossialos Graham Thornicroft

Mental Health Policy and Practice across Europe
The future direction of mental health care

The European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies is a partnership between the World Health Organization RegionalOffice for Europe, the Governments of Belgium, Finland, Greece, Norway, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden, the Veneto Region of Italy, the European Investment Bank, the Open Society Institute, the World Bank, CRP-Santé Luxembourg, the London School of Economics and Political Science and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.

Mental Health Policy and Practice across Europe
The future directionof mental health care Edited by Martin Knapp, David McDaid, Elias Mossialos and Graham Thornicroft

Open University Press McGraw-Hill Education McGraw-Hill House Shoppenhangers Road Maidenhead Berkshire England SL6 2QL email: enquiries@openup.co.uk world wide web: www.openup.co.uk and Two Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121–2289, USA First published 2007 Copyright © World Health Organization 2007 onbehalf of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. The views expressed by authors or editors do not necessarily represent the decisions or the stated policies of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies or any of its partners. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever onthe part of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies or any of its partners concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitations of its frontiers or boundaries. Where the designation ‘country or area’ appears in the headings of tables, it covers countries, territories, cities, or areas. Dotted lines on mapsrepresent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products aredistinguished by initial capital letters. The European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies does not warrant that the information contained in this publication is complete and correct and shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of its use. Rights to translate into German, Spanish, French and Russian should be sought from WHO at WHO Regional Office for Europe, Scherfigsvej 8,DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark or by email at pubrights@euro.who.int. Rights to translate into all other world languages should be sought from Open University Press. All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purpose of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic,mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence from the Copyright Licensing Agency Limited. Details of such licences (for reprographic reproduction) may be obtained from the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd of Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London, EC1N 8TS. A catalogue record of this book is available from the British LibraryISBN-10 0 335 21467 3 (pb) 0 335 21468 1 (hb) ISBN-13 978 0 335 21467 9 (pb) 978 0 335 21468 6 (hb) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data CIP data applied for Typset by RefineCatch Limited, Bungay, Suffolk Printed in the UK by Bell & Bain Ltd, Glasgow

European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Series
The European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies is a unique...