Metodos de separacion

Mixtures:

1) Filtration : Is when the mixture contains a liquid & a solid component, then we filter the liquid by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass. Applications :when you want to separate sand from wáter .

2) Crystallization : is chemical solid–liquid separation technique, in which mass transfer of a solute from the liquid solution to a pure solidcrystalline phase occurs. Also is when 2 materials crystallize at different temperatures then we condense the mixture to extract the component which crystallizes first . Applications : Crystallization canbe used to purify solids as well. Assume a sample of cane sugar contains a small amount of glucose as impurities. They are both soluble in water. Pure cane sugar can be crystallized and removed fromthe solution. In the solution, glucose will remain dissolved.

3) Chromatography : This technique is called paper chromatography.
The mixture is put on a filter paper which is placed in a suitablesolvent , chromatograph takes a chemical mixture carried by liquid or gas and separates it into its component parts as a result of differential distributions of the solutes as they flow around orover a stationary liquid or solid phase .
Applications : in Environmental Agency – determine the level of    pollutants in the water supply and Hospital – detect blood or alcohol levels in a   patient’s blood stream

4) Distillation: when 2 liquids have different boiling points. we boil the liquid mixture. liquid with lower boiling point evaporates out. it can be condensed on a cool surface &the 2 liquids separated.
Applications : Water is distilled to remove impurities, such as salt from seawater. Air is distilled to separate its components

5) centrifugation : this method is use whenwe want to separate small amounts of suspensión :. The suspension of solid in liquid is poured into a centrifuge tube, then spin around very fast in a centrifuge. The spinning motion forces the...