Microbiologia

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Serratia odorifera biogroup 1 causing an
invasive human infection.
H Chmel
J. Clin. Microbiol. 1988, 26(6):1244.

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JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, June 1988, p. 1244-1245
0095-1137/88/061244-02$02.00/0
Copyright (O 1988, American Society for Microbiology

Vol. 26, No. 6

Serratia odorifera Biogroup 1 Causingan

Invasive Human Infection

HERMAN CHMEL

Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine,
University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
Received 16 December 1987/Accepted 14 March 1988

Serratia odorifera biogroup 1 was isolated from the blood and urine of an alcoholic male with cirrhosis and
signs of septic shock. Theorganism is rarely reported to occur in clinical specimens. This is the first case in
which the organism was found to be responsible for invasive human infection.
Six isolates of S. odorifera were recovered on 5% sheep
blood agar and produced lactose-fermenting colonies on
MacConkey agar. On opening the incubator, a strong potatolike odor was very evident. The urine and blood isolates
proved to bethe same. The organism was catalase positive,
oxidase negative, and gelatinase positive, and it produced
DNase. The organism produced an acid (slant) and gas (butt)
and no H2S on a triple sugar iron slant. Biochemical testing
was done with the API 20E System (Analytab Products,
Plainview, N.Y.). The organism gave positive reactions with
beta-galactosidase, L-lysine and L-ornithinedecarboxylase,
citrate, indole, and Voges-Proskauer. Negative results were
seen with L-arginine dihydrolase, H2S, urea, and tryptophane deaminase. Acid was produced from D-glucose (no
gas), D-mannitol, inositol, D-sorbitol, L-rhamnose, sucrose,
melibiose, amygdalin, and arabinose.
Serratia marcescens is a well-recognized human pathogen
and is the most commonly isolated Serratia species recovered fromclinical specimens (2, 3). Other Serratia species
rarely cause human infection (2, 3, 5). One such species, S.
odorifera, has rarely been isolated from clinical specimens.
In a recent review, 52 clinical isolates were studied (2). Two
biogroups exist. S. odorifera biogroup 1 is ornithine decarboxylase positive and ferments raffinose and sucrose; biogroup 2 lacks these biochemical reactions (2,3). To date, 21
isolates of biogroup 1 have been studied, with most strains
recovered from the respiratory tract (2, 3). None of the
isolates were associated with clinical disease, prompting the
researchers to cast doubt on the ability of S. odorifera
biogroup 1 to cause human illness. In contrast, 31 isolates of
S. odorifera biogroup 2 have been studied, with most isolates recovered fromthe respiratory tract (2). However, six
strains were cultured from spinal fluid and blood, suggesting
a more invasive role in human infections for biogroup 2.

sions.

The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit with a
presumptive diagnosis of septic shock. Blood and urine
cultures were done. The patient was treated with intravenous fluids and a dopamine drip to maintain a systolicblood
pressure greater than 90 mm Hg. Treatment with amikacin
(300 mg every 8 h) and cefotaxime (1 g intravenously every
8 h) was begun. All blood cultures (four of four sets) and
urine cultures grew a gram-negative rod within 24 h. Subsequently, the organism was identified as S. odorifera biogroup
1. By disk diffusion and microdilution susceptibility testing,
the isolates were susceptible...
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