Microcontroladores

MICROCONTROLLERS
Fundamentals and Applications with PIC

MICROCONTROLLERS
Fundamentals and Applications with PIC

Fernando E. Valdes-Perez Ramon Pallas-Areny

Boca Raton London New York

CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487‑2742 © 2009 by Taylor &Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid‑free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number‑13: 978‑1‑4200‑7767‑4 (Hardcover) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been madeto publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher can‑ not assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If anycopyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any informationstorage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copy‑ right.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978‑750‑8400. CCC is a not‑for‑profit organization that pro‑ vides licenses and registrationfor a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data Valdés Pérez, Fernando E.Microcontrollers : fundamentals and applications with PIC / authors, Fernando E. Valdes‑Perez and Ramon Pallas‑Areny. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978‑1‑4200‑7767‑4 (alk. paper) 1. Programmable controllers. 2. Microcontrollers. I. Pallàs‑Areny, Ramón. II. Title. TJ223.P76V346 2009 629.8’9‑‑dc22 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and theCRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com 2008044213

Contents
Preface .................................................................................................................xi The Authors .................................................................................................... xiii 1 Introduction toMicrocontrollers............................................................ 1 1.1 Microprocessors and Microcontrollers: Characterization ......... 1 1.2 Components of a Microcontroller .................................................. 3 1.2.1 The Watchdog ...................................................................... 5 1.2.2 Reset Signal .......................................................................... 6 1.2.3 Low Consumption.............................................................. 7 1.2.4 Protection against Copying ............................................... 8 1.3 Von Neumann and Harvard Architectures ................................. 9 1.4 CISC and RISC Architectures ...................................................... 11 1.5 Manufacturers of Microcontrollers and Microprocessors ....... 12 2 PIC Microcontrollers...