Microondas

3G Tutorial
Brough Turner & Marc Orange
Originally presented at Fall VON 2002

Preface...
The authors would like to acknowledgement material contributions from:
Murtaza Amiji, NMS Communications Samuel S. May, Senior Research Analyst, US Bancorp Piper Jaffray Others as noted on specific slides

We intend ongoing improvements to this tutorial and solicit your comments at:
rbt@nmss.comand/or marc_orange@nmss.com

For the latest version go to:
http://www.nmscommunications.com/3Gtutorial

www.nmscommunications.com

Outline
History and evolution of mobile radio
Brief history of cellular wireless telephony Radio technology today: TDMA, CDMA Demographics and market trends today 3G vision, 3G migration paths

Evolving network architectures
Based on GSM-MAP or on IS-41today 3GPP versus 3GPP2 evolution paths 3G utilization of softswitches, VoIP and SIP Potential for convergence

www.nmscommunications.com

Outline (continued)
Evolving services
SMS, EMS, MMS messaging Location Video and IP multimedia

Applications & application frameworks
Is there a Killer App?

Business models
What’s really happening? When?

Slide 4

www.nmscommunications.com

3GTutorial
History and Evolution of Mobile Radio Evolving Network Architectures Evolving Services Applications Business Models

www.nmscommunications.com

First Mobile Radio Telephone 1924

Courtesy of Rich Howard

www.nmscommunications.com

World Telecom Statistics
1200 1000 800
(millions)

Crossover has happened May 2002 !
Landline Subs

600 400 200

Mobile Subs

0
95 9296 99 97 93 91 94 98 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 19 19 19 20
www.nmscommunications.com

00

01

Cellular Mobile Telephony
Frequency modulation Antenna diversity Cellular concept
Bell Labs (1957 & 1960) 3 1 2 4 7 5 3 1 2 4 7 5 6 1 2 6 1 4 7 5 3 2 5 7 2 3 6

Frequency reuse
Typically every 7 cells

Handoff as caller moves Modified CO switch
HLR, paging, handoffs

Sectors improve reuseEvery 3 cells possible

www.nmscommunications.com

First Generation
Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS)
US trials 1978; deployed in Japan (’79) & US (’83) 800 MHz band — two 20 MHz bands TIA-553 Still widely used in US and many parts of the world

Nordic Mobile Telephony (NMT)
Sweden, Norway, Demark & Finland Launched 1981; now largely retired 450 MHz; later at 900 MHz (NMT900)

TotalAccess Communications System (TACS)
British design; similar to AMPS; deployed 1985 Some TACS-900 systems still in use in Europe
www.nmscommunications.com

Second Generation — 2G
Digital systems Leverage technology to increase capacity
Speech compression; digital signal processing

Utilize/extend “Intelligent Network” concepts Improve fraud prevention Add new services There are a widediversity of 2G systems
IS-54/ IS-136 North American TDMA; PDC (Japan) iDEN DECT and PHS IS-95 CDMA (cdmaOne) GSM
www.nmscommunications.com

D-AMPS/ TDMA & PDC
Speech coded as digital bit stream
Compression plus error protection bits Aggressive compression limits voice quality

Time division multiple access (TDMA)
3 calls per radio channel using repeating time slices

Deployed 1993 (PDC1994)
Development through 1980s; bakeoff 1987

IS-54 / IS-136 standards in US TIA ATT Wireless & Cingular use IS-136 today
Plan to migrate to GSM and then to W-CDMA

PDC dominant cellular system in Japan today
NTT DoCoMo has largest PDC network
www.nmscommunications.com

iDEN
Used by Nextel Motorola proprietary system
Time division multiple access technology Based on GSM architecture800 MHz private mobile radio (PMR) spectrum
Just below 800 MHz cellular band

Special protocol supports fast “Push-to-Talk”
Digital replacement for old PMR services

Nextel has highest APRU in US market due to “Direct Connect” push-to-talk service

www.nmscommunications.com

DECT and PHS
Also based on time division multiple access Digital European Cordless Telephony
Focus on business...