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jjjjFisiología humana
El contacto labial involucra la acción nerviosa relacionada con la estimulación erógena en la que intervienen cinco nervios craneales, utilizados para laidentificación y reconocimientos de los elementos ambientales. Los impulsos eléctricos producidos por la acción neuronal derivan en sensaciones originadas en los focos táctiles de la piel labial, la zona supralabial y la lengua, señales decodificadas en el cerebro.6 El contacto labial propicia la estimulación nerviosa y la respuesta cerebral a la liberación de oxitocina, dopamina y adrenalina en eltorrente sanguíneo, lo que genera una gran cantidad de efectos físicos. La liberación de oxitocina (hormona relacionada con el amor materno, las contracciones uterinas, el parto y la atracción sexual) en el torrente sanguíneo origina distintas respuestas físicas, como la sudoración nerviosa y las respuestas sexuales en la erección del pene y la erección del clítoris. La dopamina produce la sensación debienestar. La adrenalina produce una serie de cambios físicos: cambios en la presión arterial, el nivel de glucosa y el ritmo cardíaco, además de la sensación de alerta y el tono rojizo en la zona cigomática.7
[editar]Salud
[editar]Beneficios
Como beneficios a la salud del beso se encuentra la liberación de adrenalina y noradrenalina en el torrente sanguíneo, lo que provoca una serie de cambiosfísicos en la acción cardiovascular, aumenta el ritmo del corazón y el bombeo de la sangre. Un beso puede quemar de dos a tres calorías por minuto. La endorfina liberada en un beso puede ser más potente a la acción de la morfina, lo que contribuye a nivelar los niveles de estrés y da una sensación de bienestar.
Otros beneficios del beso incluyen el aumento de los niveles de autoestima, latonificación de los músculos faciales, la liberación del anestésico contenido en la saliva, menores niveles de colesterol en el sistema cardiovascular y el mejoramiento de las funciones metabólicas.8
[editar]Riesgos
Como riesgos a la salud se consideran distintos padecimientos médicos ocasionados por la transmisión extracorporal de los patógenos contenidos en la saliva humana. Algunas enfermedadesinfecciosas representan riesgos a la salud por los virus y otros microorganismos que se hallan en la saliva. Algunas enferemedades posiblemente transmitidas por el contacto labial incluyen cualquier tipo de gripe, la mononucleosis infecciosa y el herpes simple. Las infecciones de transmisión sexual no representan un grado de contagio en el contacto labial, excepto cuando existe una lesión bucal quepropicie el contacto de la piel sin protección contra los vasos sanguíneos de la piel expuesta.
[editar]Historia



Detalle del Kama Sutra.
El beso es una práctica natural en diversas especies animales que han desarrollado la conjunción labial como un método de comunicación entre dos individuos. Un antecedente evolutivo del beso surge en diversas especies animales de primates, los cuales...