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JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJNNNNNNNN-
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNDOI;FHRFGO9HEW EFOEIJHERFERJHEORI [POJRPWEOREROERTJOIJH EOPRERJERPOJER.FNOIEHREIRHEI ERIEREROITGRGNBGFR VKJSNDOWEIFH IFHOIWQFFBGVD S EFIOHDFIFEFOIH EFGHFIODFEWFOIERHIOFHREOFHREFJNDFJKEDNF Vl viendo hRT OF DIXIS país extranjero en un sentido internacional, en tanto en que era posesión de los Estados Unidos, es extranjero respecto a Estados Unidos en un sentido doméstico [“foreign in a domestic sense”]; porque la isla no había sido incorporada a losEstados Unidos sino que era meramente perteneciente al mismo como posesión.”
-Juez Edward Douglas White, Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos, 1901 (Citado de, C. Duffy Burnett y B. Marshal. Foreign in a Domestic Sense. Duke University Press, 2001, 13).
prDesde la invasión norteamericana de Puerto Rico el 25 de julio de 1898, el sistema político de la Isla experimentó cambios importantes. Hastaabril de 1900 gobernó un ejército de ocupación por decreto. En mayo de 1900 la Ley Foraker estableció un gobierno civil nombrado por el Presidente de Estados Unidos con el consejo y consentimiento del Senado Federal, una Cámara de Representantes local electa y un Tribunal Federal para manejar la aplicación de leyes federales en la Isla. La Ley Jones de 1917 estableció en Puerto Rico un gobiernorepresentativo con dos cámaras y un comisionado residente en Washington electos popularmente, una carta de derechos ciudadanos y la ciudadanía norteamericana para los puertorriqueños. El gobernador, los jueces federales y los miembros de gabinete continuaron siendo nombrados por el Presidente de Estados Unidos. A pesar de estos cambios, Puerto Rico continuó siendo, en términos constitucionales, unterritorio “organizado pero no incorporado”, una posesión de los Estados Unidos que: pertenece a, pero no es parte de, los Estados Unidos.
El Estado Libre Asociado y el nuevo orden mundial de la posguerra
Hasta 1946 no hubo cambios significativos en la Ley Jones. Pero el fin de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, la creación de las Organización de Naciones Unidas y las presiones para un nuevo orden...