Motores

UNIVERSIDADES DE ANDALUCÍA
PRUEBA DE ACCESO A LA UNIVERSIDAD
CURSO 2009-2010

Lengua
Extranjera II
Inglés

Instrucciones. a) Duración: 1h30m. b) No se permite el uso de diccionario.
c) La puntuación de las preguntas está indicada en las mismas. d) Las opciones A y B no se pueden mezclar.

OPTION A: “Bullying at school”
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.

For some time, Johnny, a quiet 13-year-old, was a human toy for some of his classmates. He was constantly forced
to give them his money, and beaten up in the toilets. When Johnny’s torturers were interrogated about the
bullying, they said they abused him because “it was fun”.
Unfortunately, bullying among schoolchildren is certainly an old phenomenon,and most adults have
experienced some form of mild abuse in their schooldays; but this was not considered such a big problem, and
therefore authorities did not think that measures had to be taken. It was only in the early 1970s that it began to be
made the object of systematic research.
A broad definition of bullying is when a student is repeatedly exposed to negative actions on the part of oneor
more other students. These negative actions can take the form of physical contact, verbal abuse, or making faces
and rude gestures. Spreading rumours and excluding the victim from a group are also common forms.
A recent survey shows that around 15% of pupils in primary and secondary schools are involved in bully/victim
problems with some regularity, and there are indications that the levelof bullying is rising every year.
Several studies about the characteristics and family backgrounds of victims and bullies suggest that bullying
has to be seen as a component of more generally antisocial behaviour; former school bullies are more likely than
other pupils to engage in serious crime later in their lives.
These studies have identified certain personality characteristics and typicalreaction patterns, which usually
vary according to the level of physical strength or weakness, especially in the case of boys. An aggressive social
environment also influences the extent to which these problems will manifest themselves in schools.
Governments and school authorities have an important role to play, and bully/victim problems have gradually
been placed on formal school agendas inmany countries.
Can bullying be stopped? Bullying is a big problem in schools, but most studies suggest that, with a suitable
intervention programme, it is possible to reduce it considerably; it is primarily a question of changing attitudes,
knowledge, behaviour and habits in school life, rather than using disciplinary measures.

I * COMPREHENSION (4 points: questions 1-3, 1 point each; 4-5,0.5 points each)
ANSWER QUESTIONS 1-3 ACCORDING TO THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN THE TEXT. USE YOUR OWN WORDS.
1 Is bullying restricted to physical abuse? Explain.
2 According to studies, what factors may contribute to the existence of bullying?
3 Are disciplinary measures the most recommended way of dealing with bullies?
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISEWORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS.
4 “Bullying started in 1970”.
5 “School bullies can become criminals as adults”.
II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; questions 6-9, 0.25 points each; 10-13, 0.5 points each)
6 FIND IN THE TEXT ONE OPPOSITE FOR “narrow” “(ADJECTIVE).
7 WHICH WORD IS NOT AN ADVERB?: Fast / likely / friendly / slowly.
8 FIND IN THE TEXT THE WORD WHICH HAS THEFOLLOWING DEFINITION: “correct or appropriate”.
9 FILL IN THE GAP WITH THE CORRECT OPTION: “I travel to London ...... often.” Much / quiet / quite / many.
10 TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “They have just told me the truth.”
11 COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE:“If I had been bullied at school I ..... “.
12 GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “Most employees...