Natalia

Effects of vibration training and detraining on balance and muscle strength in older adults
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of 2 days/week versus 4 days/week of Whole Body Vibration (WBV) during eight weeks of WBV training on health-related quality of life (SF-36), balance and lower body strength, as well as short-term detraining (3 weeks) on balance and lower body strengthamong older adults. Thirty-four older adults were randomly assigned to a control group (Control; n = 11) or to one of the vibration training groups: WBV 2 days/week (WBV_2d; n = 11) or WBV 4 days/week (WBV_4d; n = 12). The WBV groups exercised for 8 weeks, following 3 weeks of detraining. Lower body strength increased significantly (p < 0.05) for both groups, WBV_2d and WBV_4d, after 8-weektraining. A significant reduction in strength was observed following 3 weeks of de-training only in WBV_2d group (p < 0.05). All variables of the SF-36 and the balance test did not change after intervention in any group. 2 days/week and 4 days/week of WBV during 8 weeks showed the same improvements on muscle strength. 3 weeks of detraining did not reverse the gains in strength made during 32 sessions ofWBV.
Efectos de entrenamiento de vibración y desentrenamiento en equilibrio y fuerza muscular en adultos mayores
El propósito de este estudio fue analizar los efectos de 2 días/semana frente a 4 días/semana de Vibraciones de Cuerpo Entero (VCE). Sucedió durante ocho semanas de entrenamiento VCE sobre la calidad de la vida relacionada con la salud (SF-36), el equilibrio y la fuerza de la parteinferior del cuerpo, así como desentrenamiento de corta duración (3 semanas) en el equilibrio y la fuerza inferior del cuerpo entre los adultos mayores. Treinta y cuatro adultos mayores fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un grupo de control (control, n = 11) o para uno de los grupos de entrenamiento de vibración: VCE 2 días/semana (WBV_2d; n = 11) o VCE 4 días/semana (WBV_4d; n = 12). Los grupos VCEhicieron ejercicio durante 8 semanas, después de 3 semanas de desentrenamiento. Fuerza inferior del cuerpo aumentó significativamente (p <0,05) en ambos grupos, WBV_2d y WBV_4d, después de 8 semanas de entrenamiento. Se observó una reducción significativa en la fuerza después de 3 semanas de entrenamiento únicamente en el grupo WBV_2d (p <0,05). Ningunas de las variables del SF-36 y la prueba deequilibrio cambiaron después de la intervención en cualquier grupo. 2 días/semana y 4 días/semana de VCE durante 8 semanas mostraron las mismas mejoras en la fuerza muscular. 3 semanas de desentrenamiento no revirtieron las ganancias en la fuerza hecha durante 32 sesiones de VCE.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Physiology of Professional Road Cycling
Professional road cycling is an extreme endurance sport. Approximately 30 000 to 35 000km are cycled each year in training and competition and some races, 326 Lucía et al. such as the Tour de France last 21 days (~100 hours of competition) during which cyclists (PC) must cover >3500km. In some phases of such a demanding sport, on the other hand,exercise intensity is surprisingly high, since PC must complete prolonged periods of exercise (i.e. time trials, high mountain ascents) at high percentages (~90%) of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) the anaerobic threshold (AT)]. Although numerous studies have analysed the physiological responses of elite, amateur level road cyclists during the last 2 decades, their findings might not be directlyextrapolated to professional cycling. Several studies have recently shown that PC exhibit some remarkable physiological responses and adaptations such as: an efficient respiratory system (i.e. lack of ‘tachypnoeic shift’ at high exercise intensities); a considerable reliance on fat metabolism even at high power outputs; or several neuromuscular adaptations (i.e. a great resistance to fatigue of...