Norma Astmc177

Designation: C 117 – 95
Standard Test Method for
Materials Finer than 75-μm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral
Aggregates by Washing1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 117; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers determination of the amount of
material finer than a 75-μm (No. 200) sieve in aggregate by
washing. Clay particles and other aggregate particles that are
dispersed by the washwater, as well as water-soluble materials,
will be removed from the aggregate during the test.
1.2 Two procedures are included, one using only water for
the washing operation, and the other including a wetting agent
to assist the loosening of the material finer than the 75-μm (No.
200) sieve from the coarser material. Unless otherwise specified,
Procedure A (water only) shall be used.
1.3 Thevalues stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate
safety and health practices and determine the applicability
of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:C 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
Aggregates2
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
for Test Methods for Construction Materials2
C 702 Practice for Reducing Field Samples of Aggregate to
Testing Size2
D 75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates3
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Purposes4
2.2 AASHTO Standard:
T11 Method of Test forAmount of Material Finer than
0.075-mm Sieve in Aggregate5
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A sample of the aggregate is washed in a prescribed
manner, using either plain water or water containing a wetting
agent, as specified. The decanted wash water, containing
suspended and dissolved material, is passed through a 75-μm
(No. 200) sieve. The loss in mass resulting from the wash
treatment iscalculated as mass percent of the original sample
and is reported as the percentage of material finer than a 75-μm
(No. 200) sieve by washing.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Material finer than the 75-μm (No. 200) sieve can be
separated from larger particles much more efficiently and
completely by wet sieving than through the use of dry sieving.
Therefore, when accurate determinations ofmaterial finer than
75 μm in fine or coarse aggregate are desired, this test method
is used on the sample prior to dry sieving in accordance with
Test Method C 136. The results of this test method are included
in the calculation in Test Method C 136, and the total amount
of material finer than 75 μm by washing, plus that obtained by
dry sieving the same sample, is reported with the results of TestMethod C 136. Usually, the additional amount of material finer
than 75 μm obtained in the dry sieving process is a small
amount. If it is large, the efficiency of the washing operation
should be checked. It could also be an indication of degradation
of the aggregate.
4.2 Plain water is adequate to separate the material finer
than 75 μm from the coarser material with most aggregates. Insome cases, the finer material is adhering to the larger particles,
such as some clay coatings and coatings on aggregates that
have been extracted from bituminous mixtures. In these cases,
the fine material will be separated more readily with a wetting
agent in the water.
5. Apparatus and Materials
5.1 Balance—A balance or scale readable and accurate to
0.1 g or 0.1 % of the test load,...