Nuclear fission reactors: pwr+ads+mhr

Table Of Contents

I. Introduction............................................................................................................................ 3

II. Methodology........................................................................................................................... 3

III. Nuclear energy: the pressurized water reactor PWR, a conventional fissionreactor... 4
1. Introduction..................................................................................................................... 4
2. Fission reactor................................................................................................................. 4
3. Innovations inPWR........................................................................................................ 6
▪ Hybrid PWR: coal or gas combined with PWR................................................................ 6
▪ Identification of initiating events for PWR accidents....................................................... 8
▪ Laser-based sensor for a coolant leak detection in a nuclear reactor........................ 8
▪ PWR fuel management optimization usingcontinuous particle swarm intelligence. 8
▪ Small PWR core design with coated particle based fuel with a novel composition.. 8
4. Conclusion........................................................................................................................ 9

IV. Environmental concerns: Nuclear waste treatments.......................................................... 10
1.Introduction..................................................................................................................... 10
2. Nuclear waste................................................................................................................... 10
▪ Deep geologicalstorage.................................................................................................... 11
▪ Partitioning and Transmutation P&T before storage........................................................ 11
3. Accelerator-driven system............................................................................................. 12
▪ Principle of the ADS........................................................................................................ 13
▪Advantages and drawbacks of the ADS............................................................................ 14
4. Conclusion....................................................................................................................... 15

V. New technology in nuclear energy: Accelerator-driven nuclear reactor......................... 15
1.Introduction.................................................................................................................... 15
2. ADS: a solution to the nuclear problems met in conventional nuclear reactor...... 17
▪ Solution to the inefficient use of the nuclear fuel............................................................ 17
▪ Solution to the nuclear wasteproblem............................................................................. 17
▪ Solution to the nuclear safety issue.................................................................................. 18
3. Overall cost of electricity production via ADS............................................................ 19
4. Acceleratorrequirements.............................................................................................. 19
5. Basic principles of the ADS operation.......................................................................... 20
6. Conclusion....................................................................................................................... 22
VI. Hydrogen generation from nuclear energy......................................................................... 22
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