Oracle

Back to Basics
Your Guide to Manufacturing Excellence
STEVEN A. MELNYK
AND

R.T. “CHRIS” CHRISTENSEN

The St. Lucie Press/APICS Series on Resource Management

St. Lucie Press
Boca Raton • London New York • Washington, D.C. Alexandria, Virginia

© 2000 by CRC Press LLC

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Melnyk, Steven A. Back to basics: your guide to manufacturingexcellence / by Steven A. Melnyk and R.T. “Chris” Christensen. p. cm. — (St. Lucie Press/APICS series on resource management) ISBN 1-57444-279-1 (alk. paper) 1. Production management. 2. Quality control. 3. Inventory control. I. Christensen, R.T. II. Title. III. Series. TS155.M438 2000 658.5´62—dc21 99-059099 This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources.Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or byany means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. The consent of CRC Press LLC does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific permission must be obtained in writing from CRC Press LLCfor such copying. Direct all inquiries to CRC Press LLC, 2000 N.W. Corporate Blvd., Boca Raton, Florida 33431. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks and are used for identification and explanation, without intent to infringe.

© 2000 by CRC Press LLC St. Lucie Press is an imprint of CRC Press LLC No claim to original U.S. Government worksInternational Standard Book Number 1-57444-279-1 Library of Congress Card Number 99-059099 Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Printed on acid-free paper

© 2000 by CRC Press LLC

The Authors
Steven A. Melnyk, CPIM, is Professor of Operations Management at Michigan State University. His research interests include MRPII, supply chain management, metrics/ system measurement,time-based competition (TBC), and environmentally responsible manufacturing (ERM). Steve is the lead author of six books, Shop Floor Control (Dow Jones-Irwin, 1985), Production Activity Control: A Practical Guide (Dow Jones-Irwin, 1987), Shop Floor Control: Principles, Practices, and Case Studies (APICS, 1987), Computer Integrated Manufacturing: A Source Book (APICS, 1990), Computer IntegratedManufacturing: Guidelines and Applications from Industrial Leaders (Business One, 1992), and Operations Management: A Value Driven Perspective (Irwin Press, 1996). He was also the editor of the first work devoted entirely to the study of tooling in production and inventory control (Grand Rapids APICS/Michigan State University, 1988). Steve’s articles have appeared in such international and nationaljournals as the International Journal of Production Research, International Journal of Operations and Production Research, Journal of Operations Management, International Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, and Production and Inventory Management. Along with Dr. Handfield, he was co-editor of a special issue of the Journal of Operations Management that dealt with theorydriven empiricalresearch. In 1995, Steve received a major grant from the National Science Foundation to study environmentally conscious manufacturing (a joint grant between the Colleges of Business and Engineering at Michigan State University). In addition, he sits on the editorial review board for Production and Inventory Management and the International Journal of Production Research. Steve is also the...