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Equipos y Sistemas para tratamiento de Agua Potable, Efluentesmunicipales e industriales, Productos para Procesos Especiales (Rejas, Tamices, barredores, filtros autolimpiantes deshidratacion lodos,tratamientos de olores , recuperacion de solventes, separadores aceite/agua, dosificacción, carbones activados, antracita etc)

Item 1) Emulsion Cracking System (Optional) Operational Theory
The ECEmulsion Cracking Systems are designs that provide a combination of physical chemical
treatment and separation via oil/water separation.The basic EC system configuration consists of: • 1st stage: emulsion cracking • 2nd stage: product separation • 3rd stage: pH adjustment for discharge (typically 6-9)

Stage 1: provides for the addition of acid for a less rigorous, simple acid cracking methodor
singular/multiple polymers for more complex, stubborn emulsion cracking.

Stage 2: provides for separation of the freed product via a coalescing oil/water separator or Dissolved Air
Flotation (DAF) system. In applications where the result sinks a Slant Plate Clarifier may be used in place of the other two.

Stage 3: provides pH adjustment to return the water pH to the 6 range fordischarge. Due to pH -9
manipulation being required in most emulsion cracking applications, this step is typically required.

Determining Chemical Process: N.W. can assist in the initial determination of the proper chemical
process to break the emulsion by performing bench tests or you can perform tests to determine this. Each emulsion must be tested in order to determine the chemistry, but also todetermine system design. Analytical testing should be performed after the bench testing to verify process efficiency.

Emulsions Defined Emulsions are defined as a colloidal suspension of a liquid within another liquid (with droplet sizes
typically under 20 micron). A colloidal suspension is a concentration of particles or droplets homogeneously dispersed through the carrier liquid (water). Thismeans the oil droplets are reduced in size to such a degree that the oil's normal electrical repulsion of the water molecule is overcome due to it's minute size.
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Equipos y Sistemas para tratamiento de Agua Potable, Efluentesmunicipales e industriales,Productos para Procesos Especiales (Rejas, Tamices, barredores, filtros autolimpiantes deshidratacion lodos,tratamientos de olores , recuperacion de solventes, separadores aceite/agua, dosificacción, carbones activados, antracita etc)

Oil in water emulsions may contain a variety of oil types and concentrations, as well as various types of solids contaminants. The oil in water emulsion in a stable orunstable state maintains the emulsification through mechanical and/or chemical means.

Emulsions Are Created In Two Ways Mechanical emulsion: In mechanical emulsions a common method of creating the emulsion is by violent
mixing or shearing of the oil droplet in the wastestream with a high shear transfer pump, vigorous mixer or other device that might disperse the oil droplets into minutedroplets. Given enough time, the mechanical emulsion may break without any treatment. But with most processes and manufacturing time frames this time may be too long for practical use.

Chemical emulsion: Are created when a surface-active chemical or chemicals are used, such as alkaline
cleaners containing surfactants, soaps and detergents having ionic or nonionic characteristics. These chemicalsinterfere with the natural coalescing of oil droplets and generally creates a permanently stabilized emulsion with little chance of breaking by itself.

Emulsion cracking can be facilitated by the use of a coagulant/flocculent or pH changing
chemical(acid/caustic). The chemical used depends on the particular emulsion. These chemicals change droplet electrical charges by the effect of their own...