Prevalencia De Edentulismo

Cytotoxicity of Dental Adhesives In Vitro

Elisabeth A. Koulaouzidoua Maria Helvatjoglu-Antoniadesb George Palaghiasb Artemis Karanika-Koumab Dimitrios Antoniadesc

AbstrAct
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of six dental adhesives (Admira Bond, Clearfil Liner Bond 2V, ED Primer II, Fuji Bond LC, Gluma Comfort Bond, and NanoBond) applied to cellcultures. Methods: The experiments were performed on two cell lines, rat pulp cells (RPC-C2A) and human lung fibroblasts (MRC5). Samples of the adhesives were light-cured and placed in culture medium for 24 hours. The extraction media was applied on the RPC-C2A and the MRC5 cells. Complete medium was used as a control. Cytotoxicity was evaluated with a modified sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay after 24hours of exposure. Results: The cell survival of RPC-C2A cells exposed to Fuji Bond LC, NanoBond, Clearfil Liner Bond 2V, ED Primer II, Admira Bond and Gluma Comfort Bond was 73%, 67%, 50%, 20%, 18% and 5% respectively, relative to the cell survival with the control medium. In the MRC5 cell line, the relative survival was 98%, 80%, 72%, 41%, 19% and 7% after exposure to NanoBond, Fuji Bond LC,Clearfil Liner Bond 2V, ED Primer II, Admira Bond and Gluma Comfort Bond, respectively. Conclusions: Different types of dental adhesives showed different cytotoxic effects on cells in vitro. The self-etch adhesives were superior in terms of cytotoxicity. The different cytotoxic effects of dental adhesives should be considered when selecting an appropriate adhesive for operative restorations. (Eur J Dent2009;3:3-9) Key words: Cell culture; Cytotoxicity; Dental adhesives; In vitro; SRB-assay.

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Lecturer, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. Associate Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. Professor, Department of Oral Medicine/ Pathology,Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.

IntroductIon
In the selection of dental materials, biological compatibility is of primary importance, as contact or interaction with oral tissues and body fluids may cause local and/or systemic adverse effects. It has been reported that dental adhesives release substances that have biological effects and toxic potencies.1,2 Theeffective toxicity of adhesives is reduced but often not eliminated by the presence of dentin.1 There are several reasons to suspect that dental resins may alter pulpal physiology. Adhesive systems are usually placed on etched
European Journal of Dentistry

Corresponding author: Elisabeth A. Koulaouzidou 1 Xenofontos street, GR 55132 Kalamaria, Thessaloniki, Greece. Phone : +30 231 0482233 Fax :+30 231 0999616 E-mail: koulaouz@dent.auth.gr

January 2009 - Vol.3

3

Cytotoxicity of dental adhesives

dentin or, in the case of self-etch adhesives, on cut dentin that is permeable. The different compositions of many adhesives and the variable sequence of their application on dentin result in different resin-dentin interface features and resin tags may form in the dentinal tubules.It is expected that the hybrid layer would hermetically seal the interface between the restorative material and the cavity walls, preventing micro-leakage, marginal staining, secondary caries, and consequently inflammatory pulpal response.3,4 However, several in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that after application of bonding agents on the conditioned dentin, uncured residual resincomponents may diffuse across the subjacent dentinal tubules and reach the pulp. The application of adhesive systems, which form a hybrid layer with the collagen matrix of dentin, has been suggested as a pulp capping procedure.5 Recently, adhesives have been proposed for use in the root canal system to optimize the strengths of bonds between endodontic filling materials and the radicular dentin, or...