Primeros asentamientos en américa

SUMMARY UNID 1

1.EUROPEAN COLONITATION AND SETTELMENT

The arrival of the Europeans caused huge disruption(trastorno) in the life of the indigenous people.
In 1607, the English established a colony (Jamestown) in Chesapeake Bay, in 1608, the French settled in the North, in what is now Quebec, and the Dutch began their interest in the region that became present-day New York.

THEREASONS WHY EUROPEANS WENT TO AMERICA WERE:

To acquire(adquirir) wealth and to establish new homes, international rivalry and the propagation of religion, a desire to convert the indigenous inhabitants of America to Christianity. There were also increasing numbers of religious and political dissenters(desidentes) who were seeking refuge, and individuals looking for adventure and newopportunities, and who wanted to own land.

The colonies supplied food for themselves (auto supply) and their role was to produce raw materials and food for the metropolis, and to provide a market for it. Industrial activities were forbidden in the colonies in order to make them dependable on the exports of the metropolis.

2.BRITISH POLICY WITH THE AMERICAN COLONIES UNTIL 1763

In 1609, acharter(carta) was issued(se emitió) to the Virginia Company, substituting indirect for direct control. Virginia became the first of the royal colonies under a system of government that included a governor appointed by the king and a colonial assembly.
The Pilgrims followed in 1620, and set up a colony at Plymouth, in what is now Massachusetts.

Three types of colonial government emerged: royal, corporate(empresarial), and proprietary. The king directed colonial policy until the outbreak(brote) of the first English civil war, when the Long Parliament assumed control, acting mainly through a special commission or council provided for by the Ordinance of 1643.

All trade between the colonists and the British was to be conducted either on English vessels or on colonial-built vessels

As Britainwas too far away to control the colonists directly, representative governments were established in the colonies The English king appointed colonial governors who had to rule in cooperation with an elected assembly. Voting was restricted to white males who owned lands.

England encouraged the colonists to specialize in the production of raw materials(materias primas). English factories convertedraw goods into products, which were then shipped back to the colonies. This provided the British with a profitable market, free from competition.
The British tried to enslave the Indians but were unsuccessful. The first Negro slaves arrived in Virginia in 1619.

By 1733, there were 13 colonies along the Atlantic coast, from New Hampshire in the North to Georgia in the South. There weredifferent colonies, thus, in 1775, of the thirteen colonies, there were 8 royal colonies, 3 proprietorship and 2 self-government colonies. The Seven Years' War, also called the French and Indian War, which lasted from 1754 until 1763, was a conflict that had enormous repercussions for Great Britain. In spite of her victory over France in 1763 a royal proclamation denied the English the right toestablish settlements west of the Appalachian Mountains, in order to avoid conflict with the American Indians.

The colonists were creating a prosperous economy based on agriculture and trade, and no longer needed British protection. The new policies instigated(inducido,incitado) in 1763 by the British after the war eventually drove the colonies towards their separation. These policies continued until1776 with the Declaration of Independence.

3.ANGLO AMERICAN COLONIES

There were three types of British colony in North America. The first were plantation colonies: Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. The Middle Colonies: Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and New York. The New England colonies of Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire....