Process Kimberley

KIMBERLEY PROCESS
1. What is Kimberley process?
The Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (Kimberley Process or KP) is an international governmental certification scheme that was set up to preventthe trade in diamonds that fund conflict. Launched in January 2003, the scheme requires governments to certify that shipments of rough diamonds are conflict-free.
The Kimberley Process CertificationScheme (KPCS) imposes extensive requirements (*) on its members to enable them to certify shipments of rough diamonds as ‘conflict-free' and prevent conflict diamonds from entering the legitimatetrade. Under the terms of the KPCS, participating states must meet ‘minimum requirements' and must put in place national legislation and institutions; export, import and internal controls; and alsocommit to transparency and the exchange of statistical data. Participants can only legally trade with other participants who have also met the minimum requirements of the scheme, and internationalshipments of rough diamonds must be accompanied by a KP certificate guaranteeing that they are conflict-free.
The Kimberley Process is chaired, on a rotating basis, by participating countries. So far, SouthAfrica, Canada, Russia, Botswana, the European Union, India, Namibia, Israel, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo have chaired the KP, and the United States of America is the Chair in 2012. KPparticipating countries and industry and civil society observers gather twice a year at intersessional and plenary meetings, as well as in working groups and committees that meet on a regular basis.Implementation is monitored through ‘review visits' and annual reports as well as by regular exchange and analysis of statistical data.
2. Why was it created?
The KPCS was introduced by United NationsGeneral Assembly Resolution 55/56 following recommendations in the Fowler Report. The process was It was set up "to ensure that diamond purchases were not financing violence by rebel movements and...