Pues Si Mano Bie Duro

* BIOLOGY CHAPTER 9
CONCEPTS
* calorie – the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degrees Celsius. Energy stored in food is expressed in units of calories.* Calorie – kilocalorie, or 1000 calories
* Cellular respiration – the process that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen
* Aerobic – pathways of cellular respirationthat require oxygen “in air”
* The Krebs Cycle and electron transport chain are aerobic and take place in the mitochondria
* Anaerobic – doesn’t require oxygen “without air”* Glycolysis is anaerobic
* Glycolysis – First set of reactions in cellular respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell. 1 molecule of glucose, a 6-carbon compound, istransformed into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid, a 3-carbon compound. During this process, 4 ATP molecules are synthesized from 4 ADP molecules.
* NAD+ - electron carrier that receives 4high-energy electrons from the reactions of the glycolysis. Accepts a pair of high-energy electrons until they can be transferred to other molecules. Later forms to be NADH.
* Krebs Cycle –also known as citric acid cycle, this process was named after Hans Krebs, the British biochemist who demonstrated its existence in 1937. In the presence of oxygen, pyruvic acid produced in glycolysispasses to this second stage of cellular respiration. Pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions.
* Matrix – innermost compartment of themitochondrion and the site of the Krebs cycle reactions.
* Fermentation – process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen
FACTS:
* Cells don’t simply burn food andrelease energy as heat. Instead, they break down food molecules gradually, capturing a little bit of chemical energy at key steps. This enables the creation of compounds like ATP.
* Oxygen +...