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1
Is a method of teaching foreign language derived from classical method. In grammar classes, students learn grammar rules and then apply these.
The origin was in the early 1500s. Throughout inEurope in the 18th and 19th century.
Before 19th century many formal language learners were scholars who studied rules of grammar and consulted lists of foreign-language words in dictionaries.
2Techniques used by teacher in class.
* Translation of a literary passage.
Students have to translate a reading text from the target language into their own language.
* Reading comprehensionquestions.
Students answer questions in the target language based on their knowing of the text before.
* Antonym/synonyms.
Students receive a few words and are asked to find antonyms in the readingpassage.
* Fill in the blanks.
Students are given a series of sentences with words missing.
* Deductive application of rule.
Grammar rules are presented with examples. When the student hasunderstood the rule, he´s asked some different examples to apply it.

3 characteristics:

Grammar Translation is a way of studying a language that approaches the language first through detailedanalysis of its grammar rules, followed by application of this knowledge to the task of translating sentences and texts into and out of the target language...
Reading and writing are the major focus;little or no systematic attention is paid to speaking and listening.
Vocabulary selection is based solely on the reading texts used, and words are taught through bilingual word lists, dictionary study,and memorization.
The sentence is the basic unit of teaching and language practice. Much of the lesson is devoted to translating sentences into and out of the target language, and it is this focus onthe sentence that is a distinctive feature of this method.
Accuracy is emphasized. Students are expected to attain high standards in translation, because of "the high priority attached to...