Quimica

 
 INTRODUCTION
 
     Comprising over 70% of the Earth�s surface, water is undoubtedly the most precious natural resource that exists on our planet.  Without the seemingly invaluable compoundcomprised of hydrogen and oxygen, life on Earth would be non-existent: it is essential for everything on our planet to grow and prosper.  Although we as humans recognize this fact, we disregard it bypolluting our rivers, lakes, and oceans. Subsequently, we are slowly but surely harming our planet to the point where organisms
are dying at a very alarming rate.  In addition to innocent organismsdying off, our drinking water has become greatly affected as is our ability to use water for recreational purposes.  In order to combat water pollution, we must understand the problems and become part ofthe solution.
 
 
POINT AND NONPOINT SOURCES
 
    According to the American College Dictionary, pollution is defined as:  �to make foul or unclean; dirty. Water pollution occurs when a body ofwater is adversely affected due to the addition of large amounts of materials to the water.  When it is unfit for its intended use, water is considered polluted.  Two types of water pollutants exist;point source and nonpoint source.  Point sources of pollution occur when harmful substances are emitted directly into a body of water.  The Exxon Valdez oil spill best illustrates point source waterpollution.  A nonpoint source delivers pollutants indirectly through environmental changes.  An example of this type of water pollution is when fertilizer from a field is carried into a stream by rain,in the form of run-off
which in turn effects aquatic life.  The technology exists for point sources of pollution to be monitored and regulated, although political factors may complicate matters.Nonpoint sources are much more difficult to control.  Pollution arising from nonpoint
sources accounts for a majority of the contaminants in streams and lakes.
 
 
CAUSES OF POLLUTION
 
 
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